The Kynix Components

2N5457 is the N−Channel Junction Field Effect Transistor.The 2N5457 device adopts the classic plug-in type of TO-92 and epoxy resinen capsulation, which has the mechanical advantages of small size, light weight, good insulation, and solid shell.Moreover, this device has stable performance and high quality, and has been widely praised and favored by the market once it is launched.Then what are the applications of 2N5457? 2N5457 is mainly used for analog switch. It has low cross-modulation and intermodulation distortion, making it ideal for most applications.This blog provides you with a basic overview of the 2N5457 transistor, including its pin descriptions, functions and specifications, alternative products, etc., to help you quickly understand what 2n5457 is.We will be glad to find that this blog can be useful for people loving electronic components :)Don't konw what is JFETs? There's an introduction videoCatalog2N5457 JFET Pinout2N5457 JFET Feature2N5457 Interfacing Diagram2N5457 JFET Advantage2N5457 JFET AlternativeHow to Select a JFET2N5457 JFET Application2N5457 PackageComponent DatasheetFAQ2N5457 JFET PinoutPin NumberPin NameDescription1DrainDrain pin2SourceSource pin3GateGate pin2N5457 JFET FeatureType: JFET - N - Channel - DepletionSegment: General PurposeDrain to Source Voltage (VDS)= 25VDrain to Gate Voltage (VDG)= 25VGate to Source Voltage (VGS)= -25VGate Current (IG)= 10 mAGate-Source Cutoff Voltage - VGS (off) = -6.0 Vdc (VDS = 15 Vdc, ID = 10 nAdc)Note: You can find complete technical details in 2N5457 Datasheet at the bottom of this page.2N5457 Interfacing DiagramThe below image is showing the standard application of the N-Channel JFET 2N5457 as an amplifier.The C1 is the coupling capacitor and the C2 is the DC blocking capacitor where the output will be harvested. The RC is the collector Resistor and changing this value will change the frequency response of the circuit as well as it will control the DC gain by controlling the collector current. R1 and R2 are used as a voltage divider for biasing the JFET.A typical value for 12V operation could be, R1 = 100k, R2 = 10k, RC = 10k, and C1, C2 can be 1uF ceramic capacitors.2N5457 JFET AdvantageThe 2N5457 is an N-Channel JFET. It is suitable for general purpose amplification and switching related applications. The graph below is a common source transfer graph, useful to know the common source transfer characteristic of JFET. This JFET is useful for switching related applications as well.2N5457 JFET AlternativeOther Replacements for JFET 2N5457 are J107, J309, 2N5458, BF246B, etc.How to Select a JFET1. Choose the type of JFET required for the application. 2N5457 is an N-Channel JFET so it is suitable for use on the low side of the power path. If the application requires high side switching, use P-Channel.2. Calculate the maximum Drain-Source voltage and the Gate-Source voltage for the targeted application. Choose a JFET with a Drain-Source and Gate-Source breakdown voltage more than is actually required. 2N5457 supports 25V Drain-Source Break voltage and-25V Gate-Source Breakdown voltage.3. Calculate the maximum current drain. Choose a JFET that can tolerate more than the Drain current that is actually required for the application. 2N5457 works up to 0.005A of continuous draining current (ID).2N5457 JFET ApplicationAmplifier systemSmall switching ApplicationAudio modulationTone controlNoise Generator2N5457 PackageThat’s all for our introduction to 2N5457. If you find this blog useful, please bookmark our website Apogeeweb, we will provide you with electronic component blogs, industry news, tools, etc. that you are interested in. Stay tuned for our next blog…Component Datasheet2N5457 DatasheetFAQWhat type of transistor is 2N5457?N-Channel Depletion layer Junction Field Effect Transistor. This JFET is an N- Channel - Depletion Layer JFET, which is commonly used in audio equipment for amplification, tone modulation, and other applications. How does a JFET work?A JFET is a three-terminal semiconductor device that uses one type of carrier, such as electrons or holes, to conduct current. The device's current conduction is controlled by an electric field that exists between the gate and the conducting channel. The JFET has a low noise level and a high input impedance. What is the difference between a JFET and a Mosfet?MOSFETs can operate in both depletion and enhancement modes, but JFETs can only operate in depletion mode. MOSFETs are employed in VLSI circuits because their manufacturing process is more expensive than that of JFETs, which are mostly used in tiny signal applications.

The CD4511B BCD is a 7-segment Decoder Driver IC, which is similar to the type MC14511.CD4511BE Decoder DisplayCatalogProduct OverviewCD4511BE CAD ModelsCD4511BE Package DimensionsCD4511BE Functional DiagramCD4511BE FeaturesCD4511BE Product AttributesCD4511BE ApplicationsAlternate PartsComponent DatasheetCD4511BE vs MC14511BALDUsing WarningsCD4511BE ManufacturerFAQProduct OverviewCD4511BE Decoder DriverThe CD4511BE is a CMOS BCD to 7 segment LED latch decoder driver in 16 pin DIP package. It is constructed with CMOS logic and NPN bipolar transistor output devices on a single monolithic structure. This device combines low quiescent power dissipation and high noise immunity features of RCA CMOS with NPN bipolar output transistors capable of sourcing up to 25mA. This capability allows CD4511B to drive LED's and other displays directly. Lamp test, blanking and latch enable or strobe inputs are provided to test display, shut off or intensity modulate and store BCD code. Several different signals may be multiplexed and displayed when external multiplexing circuitry is used.The CD4511B types are supplied in 16-lead hermetic dual-in-line ceramic packages (F3A suffix), 16-lead dual-in-line plastic packages (E suffix), 16-lead small-outline packages (NSR suffix), and 16-lead thin shrink small-outline packages (PW and PWR suffixes).Texas Instruments Complex Function ICs from the 4000 Series CMOS Logic Family includes 7-segment LCD Latch/Decoder/Drivers, Magnitude Comparators and Phase Locked Loop (PLL) ICs.CD4511BE CAD ModelsCD4511BE Decoder CAD ModelsCD4511BE Package Dimensions✔️Package OutlineCD4511BE TSSOP Package (1.2mm)✔️Mechanical DataCD4511BE Ceramic Dual-in-Line Package CD4511BE Plastic Dual-in-Line Package CD4511BE Plastic Small-outline PackageCD4511BE Functional DiagramCD4511BE Functional Diagram CD4511BE Logic DiagramCD4511BE Features• High output sourcing capability up to 25mA• Supply voltage range from 3V to 18V• Input latches for BCD code storage• 100% tested for quiescent current at 20V• Maximum input current of 1µA at 18V (full package temperature range) and 100nA at 18V (25°C)• 5V, 10V and 15V parametric ratings• Operating temperature range -55°C to 125°CCD4511B Chip Dimensions and Pad LayoutCD4511BE Product AttributesSpecificationsValuesEU RoHSCompliantECCN (US)EAR99Part StatusActiveHTS8542.39.00.01Logic FamilyCD4000Logic FunctionLatch/Decoder/DriverNumber of Elements per Chip1Number of Element Inputs4Number of Input Enables per Element1Number of Element Outputs7Number of Output Enables per Element0PolarityNon-InvertingMaximum Propagation Delay Time @ Maximum CL (ns)300@15V|1040@5V|420@10VAbsolute Propagation Delay Time (ns)1320Process TechnologyCMOSMaximum Low Level Output Current (mA)4.2(Min)Minimum Operating Supply Voltage (V)3Typical Operating Supply Voltage (V)3.3|5|9|12|15Maximum Operating Supply Voltage (V)  1818Maximum Quiescent Current (mA)  0.10.1Propagation Delay Test Condition (pF)50Minimum Operating Temperature (°C)-55Maximum Operating Temperature (°C)125Supplier Temperature GradeMilitaryPackagingTubeSupplier PackagePDIPPin Count16Standard Package NameDIPMountingThrough HolePackage Height5.08(Max) - 0.51(Min)Package Length19.69(Max)Package Width6.6(Max)Package Thickness3.9 mmPCB changed16Lead ShapeThrough HoleLead FreeLead FreeRadiation HardeningNoREACH SVHCNo SVHCCD4511BE ApplicationsLED LightingAlternate PartsMC14511BALD, CD4511BF3A, MC14511BCPDComponent DatasheetCD4511BE PDFCD4511BE vs MC14511BALDSpecificationsCD4511BE MC14511BALDPbfree CodeYes*Rohs CodeYesNoPart Life Cycle CodeActiveObsoleteIhs ManufacturerTEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCMOTOROLA INCPart Package CodeDIP*Package DescriptionDIPDIPPin Count16*Reach Compliance CodecompliantunknownECCN CodeEAR99EAR99HTS Code8542.39.00.018542.39.00.01Samacsys DescriptionCMOS BCD-to-7-Segment LED Latch Decoder Drivers*Samacsys ManufacturerTexas Instruments*Family4000/14000/400004000/14000/40000Input ConditioningLATCHEDLATCHEDJESD-30 CodeR-PDIP-T16R-GDIP-T16JESD-609 Codee4e0Length19.305 mm19.3 mmLoad Capacitance (CL)50 pF50 pFLogic IC TypeSEVEN SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVERSEVEN SEGMENT DECODER/DRIVERMax I(ol)0.0015 A*Number of Functions11Number of Terminals1616Operating Temperature-Max125 °C125 °COperating Temperature-Min-55 °C-55 °COutput PolarityTRUETRUEPackage Body MaterialPLASTIC/EPOXYCERAMIC, GLASS-SEALEDPackage CodeDIPDIPPackage ShapeRECTANGULARRECTANGULARPackage StyleIN-LINEIN-LINEPacking MethodTUBE*Peak Reflow Temperature (Cel)NOT SPECIFIEDNOT SPECIFIEDPower Supply Current-Max (ICC)3 mA*Prop. Delay@Nom-Sup420 ns*Propagation Delay (tpd)1320 ns1440 nsQualification StatusNot QualifiedNot QualifiedSeated Height-Max5.08 mm4.19 mmSupply Voltage-Max (Vsup)18 V18 VSupply Voltage-Min (Vsup)3 V3 VSupply Voltage-Nom (Vsup)5 V5 VSurface MountNONOTechnologyCMOSCMOSTemperature GradeMILITARYMILITARYTerminal FinishNickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)Terminal FormTHROUGH-HOLETHROUGH-HOLETerminal Pitch2.54 mm2.54 mmTerminal PositionDUALDUALTime@Peak Reflow Temperature-Max (s)NOT SPECIFIEDNOT SPECIFIEDWidth7.62 mm7.62 mmBase Number Matches22Using WarningsPlease check their parameters and pin configuration before replacing them in your circuit.CD4511BE ManufacturerTexas Instruments Inc. (TI) is an American technology company that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globally. Its headquarters are in Dallas, Texas, United States. TI is one of the top ten semiconductor companies worldwide, based on sales volume. Texas Instruments's focus is on developing analog chips and embedded processors, which accounts for more than 80% of their revenue. TI also produces TI digital light processing (DLP) technology and education technology products including calculators, microcontrollers and multi-core processors.FAQWhat package is the CD4511BE?16 pin DIP What type of structure is the CD4511BE constructed with?Monolithic What does CD4511B do?Drive LEDs and other displays

I DescriptionIn data collection, when the amount of collection is relatively large, the problem of insufficient SCM resources often occurs. In order to solve this problem, this blog combines the situation of data collection in the integrated automation system of substations and proposes a very practical method using CD4066 electronic switches.CatalogI DescriptionII IntroductionIII Structure of 1CD4066 Electronic SwitchIV Design of Switching Circuit Boards in Data Acquisition DevicesV Improvement of Switching Circuit Board in Data Acquisition DeviceFAQOrdering & QuantityII IntroductionWhen collecting alternating current and voltage signals, it is generally to convert the signals to be collected into lower voltage signals through transformers (CT and PT). Then through the A/D conversion device, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal and sent to the single-chip microcomputer for collection.But when there are more data channels that need to be collected, the situation becomes more complicated.For example, the automatic device of the electric power system-the digital centralized measuring device needs to collect 4 groups, 8 groups, or even more power measuring points.If each power measurement point is calculated according to two currents (such as A phase and C phase, B phase is calculated by A and C phases), three voltages (A, B, C three phases), plus part of the 3U 0 voltage (3U 0 voltage refers to the open delta voltage of the secondary winding of the transformer, which can be expressed as 3U 0 =U a +U b +U c ), it is necessary to measure dozens of currents and voltages.If each channel of measurement is equipped with an A/D conversion device and is directly connected to the MCU plug-in, the following problems exist:The resources of the ordinary single-chip microcomputer are insufficient, and multiple single-chip microcomputer boards are needed.Many A/D conversion devices are required, which is not economical.The equipment will be huge and will not meet the requirements of increasingly miniaturized digital products.The switchboard made of CD4066 electronic switch proposed in this blog.Under the condition of ensuring measurement accuracy and stability, the required A/D converter and microcontroller resources can be reduced to 1/2 or 1/4 of the original.At the same time, because the CD4066 chip is relatively cheap, the cost of the required switchboard is relatively low.At the same time, in order to meet the requirements of measurement accuracy and stability, the following measures were taken during the design process:(1) Use dedicated measurement-level CT and PT for the transformer of the AC plug-in (AC plug-in).The CT measurement accuracy is high, and the current enters the linear region quickly. The phase shift of CT and PT is very small (less than 0.1 degrees), which makes the accuracy of power measurement very high.(2) For the analog-to-digital conversion plug-in, considering the size of the board and actual application needs, 12 voltage/frequency converters with exactly the same circuit structure are used to convert the 12-way analog output of the switching plug-in into pulse frequency with input. The analog quantity of amplitude change. And after the fast optocoupler (6N137) photoelectric isolation, it is sent to the counter in the CPU system for counting to realize the analog-to-digital conversion.The voltage/frequency converter of this plug-in adopts the third-generation VFC chip (VFC110), and the linear range of its voltage-frequency characteristic is 0～4MHz.Compared with AD654, the highest conversion frequency of 0.5MHz is increased by 8 times, which greatly improves the accuracy of analog-to-digital conversion.Moreover, the VFC110 chip has a high-precision biasing 5V regulated power supply on-chip, which can eliminate the need for an external bias regulated power supply and is very convenient to use.(3) A latch 74LS374 is set for the analog input loop in the CPU plug-in, and the signal from the VFC plug-in is latched by the clock generated on the CPU chip.One of its functions is to turn the external asynchronous pulse signal into a synchronous pulse signal, which is beneficial to combat interference;The second function is to get the pulse shaping function. When one switching plug-in is needed, the basic implementation process of the whole measurement is shown in Figure 1. When two switching plug-ins are needed, the basic implementation process is shown in Figure 2.Figure 1. Schematic diagram of data collection of one switching boardFigure 2. Schematic diagram of data acquisition of two switching boardsIII Structure of 1CD4066 Electronic SwitchCD4066 is an IC containing four sets of analog switches, and the chip structure is shown in Figure 3.Figure 3. Structure diagram of CD4066 chipThe so-called analog switch is a component that can use the digital signal at the control end to determine whether the analog signal at the input end can reach the output end.CD4066 analog switch, both ends of the signal can be used as input or output. In other words, if one end is the input end, the other end is the output end. In addition, the frequency response of CD4066 is also very good, up to 1MHz or more.Therefore, you can use CD4066 to switch and measure the four-channel analog quantity.IV Design of Switching Circuit Boards in Data Acquisition DevicesIn the actual measurement of power system substations, it is often necessary to measure the high and low voltage sides or high, medium and low voltage side power of the transformer. Each group of power points needs to measure two-phase current, three-phase voltage, and it is also possible to measure 3U0 on the main side and the voltage on the side used. Therefore, 6 CD4066 chips are arranged on one board during the design, each of which is a group of 3, and a total of 24 analog quantities can be measured.The control ends of each group of chip switches are connected together and controlled by one single chip. Because the MCU and CD4066 work level is different. Therefore, the single-chip microcomputer should be isolated by photoelectric isolator. In this way, the 12 switches of each group of chips can be turned on and off simultaneously under the control of the single-chip microcomputer.Under the control of the single chip microcomputer, when one way is driven high, the other way is driven low. That is, only a group of 12 analog quantities are collected each time, and the collected data is placed in different storage locations of the single-chip microcomputer for processing.In this way, when measuring 24 analog quantities, only 12 A/D converters are needed, and only 12 analog input resources of the CPU plug-in are occupied. The price paid is only one more switching plug-in, which achieves economic and efficient goals.Because the working voltage of CD4066 is 3～15V, in order to ensure the stability of work, we take +15V, -15V voltage and 15V ground from the power plug of the device. Supply power to the two LM7809 and LM7909 three-terminal regulators of the switching plug-in respectively, and the +8V and -8V output from them are respectively supplied to the CD4066. The schematic diagram of the entire switching plug-in is shown in Figure 4.Figure 4. Switch plug-in schematicV Improvement of Switching Circuit Board in Data Acquisition DeviceIn the actual use of the circuit designed according to Figure 4, some of the switches of the CD4066 chip are often damaged, resulting in no measured data or soft conduction. Unplug the chip, plug it in again or turn it off and then turn it on again, and it partially returns to normal. Later, it was replaced with a military-grade 4066 chip and found that the situation did not improve.In this regard, we have analyzed and conducted various experiments. After the test, it is believed that the AC voltage signal converted from CT/PT sometimes has a large peak value, even exceeding the working voltage of the chip ±8V, and even exceeding the set value of the AC voltage (the set range is -5~+5V) . As a result, some electronic switches are damaged or turn on softly.Taking into account the cost and convenience of changes, we adopted a very simple method. That is: Connect two diodes to the input of each electronic switch of CD4066. The forward input end of one diode is connected to the -8V of the three-terminal regulator LM7909, and the forward output end of the other diode is connected to the +8V of the three-terminal regulator LM7809. The input terminal voltage of each electronic switch is clamped between -8V and +8V, so as to protect each channel of the electronic switch. The specific connection is shown in Figure 5.Figure 5. Schematic diagram of the improved switching plug-inAt the same time, in order to prevent damage to the CD4066 chip due to the unstable output of the three-terminal regulator, a smaller resistor is connected to the VDD and VSS terminals of the chip.FAQWhat is CD4066?The CD4066 is a Quad Bilateral Switch IC, that is, it has four switches which can be controlled individual using a control pin. These switches can conduct in both the directions making it bilateral, it is commonly used for multiplexing analog or digital signals.How to use CD4066?The CD4066 IC consists of four switches. It can switch analog signals through digital control. An analog signal is applied at the input of the switch. If a HIGH or 1 value is fed into the control input, the analog signal will be passed from input to the output of a switch.How CD4066 work?The 4066 really functions as an analog switch. The 4066 is an IC composed of switches which are designed to switch analog signals via digital control. ... The 4066 is a quad bilateral switch circuit, meaning that is composed of 4 switches. Each switch has a single input and a single output terminal.What are the applications of CD4066?The CD4066 is a bi-directional analog switching IC similar to CD4016, it is commonly used in multiplexing applications; it can also be used to isolate signals. The switch is bilateral and hence can be used for both digital and analog signals.What's the difference between CD4016 and CD4066?The major difference between both is that CD4066 has very low internal resistance, according to the datasheet it can only 5Ω of on-state resistance as compared with 200Ω of CD4016 IC.

Overview of LMR400Overview of LMR600LMR400 VS LMR600 FeaturesLMR400 Coaxial Cable Structure FigureLMR600 Coaxial Cable Structure FigureLMR400 VS LMR600 SpecificationsComparison between the LMR400 and LMR300 of Attentuation VS FrenquencyCouclusion of LMR400 VS LMR600LMR400 VS LMR600 FAQOverview of LMR400The LMR-400 from Times Microwave is made to be flexible, low loss, RF shielding, and weatherproof. Due to its cable topology, the LMR-400 boasts the smallest bend radius of all cables of equivalent size and performance. Compared to other cables, this one has the lowest loss. This cable is perfect for EMI-prone situations and provides 90 dB of RF shielding. Both indoor and outdoor use of the LMR-400 are appropriate. Any application that calls for an easily routed, low-loss RF wire should use Times Microwave's LMR-400 cable (e.g. WLL, GPS, LMR, WLAN, WISP, WiMax, SCADA, Mobile Antennas). An RG-8 cable can be swapped out for an LMR-400 cable. Overview of LMR600Flexible LMR-600 coax cable is available from Pasternack under the part number LMR-600. Pasternack LMR-600 flexible coax cable has a PE (F) dielectric and a 50 Ohm resistance. Our LMR-600 coax is produced with a 0.59-inch PE jacket. This Pasternack cable uses LMR-600 coax with a shield count of 2, RF shielding of 90 dB, and a maximum frequency of 5.8 GHz. Attenuation for LMR-600 coax cable is 2.62 dB at 1 GHz.There are more than 40,000 RF, microwave, and millimeter wave components, including Pasternack LMR-600 coax cables. LMR-600 cables and our other RF components can be shipped anywhere in the world the same day. Custom RF cable assemblies made from LMR-600 or other types of coax can also be created and dispatched the same day. LMR400 VS LMR600 FeaturesLMR400 FeaturesPriced Per FootCable Type: LMR-400Impedance: 50 ohmCenter Conductor: Bare Copper Covered Aluminum (BCCAI)Jacket: Polyethylene (PE)Outer Diameter: .405 inchIndoor/Outdoor RatedDrop-in replacement for RG-8Attenuation @ 900 MHz/100 ft: 3.9dB/100ftAttenuation @ 2.4 GHz/100 ft: 6.65dB/100ftAny application (e.g. WLL, GPS, LMR, WLAN, WISP, WiMax, SCADA, Mobile Antennas) requiring an easily routed, low loss RF cableMax Continuous Length: 1000 FT LMR400 FeaturesPriced Per FootCable Type: LMR-600Impedance: 50 ohmCenter Conductor: Bare Copper Covered Aluminum (BCCAI)Jacket: Polyethylene (PE)Indoor/Outdoor RatedDrop-in replacement for RG-8Attenuation at 1 Ghz.: 2.62 dBAny application (e.g. WLL, GPS, LMR, WLAN, WISP, WiMax, SCADA, Mobile Antennas) requiring an easily routed, low loss RF cable LMR400 Coaxial Cable Structure FigureLMR400 Structure Figure LMR600 Coaxial Cable Structure FigureLMR600 Structure Figure  LMR400 VS LMR600 SpecificationsGeneric NameLMR-600LMR-400Flex TypeFlexibleFlexibleImpedance50 Ohm50 OhmDielectric TypePE (F)PE (F)Velocity of Propagation87%0.85Jacket Diameter0.59 in0.405 inJacket MaterialPEPENo. of Shields22Attenuation at 1 Ghz.2.62 dB4.25 dBRF Shielding90 dB90 dBFrequency, Max5.8 GHz6 GHzMax Operating Temperature85 deg C85 deg CCenter Conductor TypeSolidSolidInner Conductor, Number of Strands11Minimum Bend Radius, One Time1.5 in1 inMinimum Bend Radius, Repeated6 in4 inCoax TypeCoaxCoax  Comparison between the LMR400 and LMR300 of Attentuation VS FrenquencyLMR400 Attentuation VS FrenquencyLMR600 Attentuation VS Frenquency  Couclusion of LMR400 VS LMR600The LMR® 600 cable is thicker than the LMR® 400 cable. LMR® 400 is commonly used for runs between 5 and 40 feet. Anything 50 feet and up should be LMR® 600. Using the thicker LMR® 600 will lower the loss when reaching those longer cable lengths because the cables will contribute loss to your signal. The Attenuation at 1 Ghz of LMR600 is 2.62 dB while the Attenuation at 1 Ghz of LMR400 is 4.25 dB. LMR400 VS LMR600 FAQWhat is better than LMR400?RG-8, RG 213, and RG 214 coaxial cables are the same physical size as LMR-400, but their attenuation is up to 40% higher and their RF shielding performance is much worse. What is LMR-400 cable used for?LMR400 is designed as a drop-in replacement for RG8/9913 air-dielectric type cable and short antenna, feeder runs in wireless communication systems. It's also appropriate for applications that demand a low-loss, conveniently routed RF connection. How far can you run LMR 600 cable?With 600 Series Cable, you may extend your maximum antenna cable runs to 400 feet. When compared to the typical 400 Series coaxial cables sold with, LMR600 has around half the loss. With 600 Series Cable, you may extend your maximum antenna cable runs to 400 feet. What is lmr 600 cable?A thick, low-loss cable called LMR-600® is made for long-distance runs. Our low loss coax cable is available in whole spools as well as cut by-the-foot cabling, and it can be delivered right away. What are the differences between the LMR400 and LMR600?The LMR® 600 cable is thicker than the LMR® 400 cable. LMR® 400 is commonly used for runs between 5 and 40 feet. Anything 50 feet and up should be LMR® 600. Using the thicker LMR® 600 will lower the loss when reaching those longer cable lengths because the cables will contribute loss to your signal.

What is LP2951?The LP2951 is a bipolar, low-dropout voltage regulator. The LP2951 regulator is usually used in applications that require a preset output voltage, which can be easily configured using two resistors. This device can provide low dropout regulation in a wide range of output voltage ranging from 1.235V to 30V. Therefore, it has become a popular choice for microcircuits that require micropower regulators that can provide up to 100 mA load current.This blog provides you with a basic overview of the LP2951 voltage regulator, including its pin descriptions, functions and specifications, alternative products, etc., to help you quickly understand what LP2951 is.CatalogLP2951 PinoutLP2951 CircuitLP2951 ApplicationsLP2951 FeaturesLP2951 CAD/CAE symbolsLP2951 Functional Block DiagramLP2951 AdvantageLP2951 PackageLP2951 SpecificationLP2951 ManufacturerLP2951 DocumentsWhere to use LP2951Component DatasheetFAQLP2951 PinoutPin NAMEPin NumberTYPEDESCRIPTIONERROR5OActive-low open-collector error output. Goes low when VOUT drops by 6% of its nominal value.FEEDBACK7IDetermines the output voltage. Connect to VTAP (with OUTPUT tied to SENSE) to output the fixed voltage corresponding to the part version, or connect to a resistor divider to adjust the output voltage.GND4—GroundINPUT8ISupply inputOUTPUT1OVoltage output.SENSE2ISenses the output voltage. Connect to OUTPUT (with FEEDBACK tied to VTAP) to output the voltage corresponding to the part version.SHUTDOWN3IActive-high input. Shuts down the device.VTAP6OTie to FEEDBACK to output the fixed voltage corresponding to the part version.LP2951 CircuitLP2951 Circuit 1:12-V to 5-V ConverterLP2951 Circuit 2LP2951 Circuit 3LP2951 Circuit 4: Regulator with Early Warning and Auxiliary OutputLP2951 ApplicationsApplications with High-Voltage InputPower SuppliesLP2951 FeaturesWide Input Range: Up to 30 VRated Output Current of 100 mALow Dropout: 380 mV (Typ) at 100 mALow Quiescent Current: 75 µA (Typ)Tight Line Regulation: 0.03% (Typ)Tight Load Regulation: 0.04% (Typ)High VO Accuracy1.4% at 25°C2% Over TemperatureCan Be Used as a Regulator or ReferenceStable With Low ESR (>12 mΩ) CapacitorsCurrent- and Thermal-Limiting FeaturesLP2950 Only (3-Pin)Fixed-Output Voltages of 5 V, 3.3 V, and 3 VLP2951 Only (8-Pin Package)Fixed- or Adjustable-Output Voltages:5 V/ADJ, 3.3 V/ADJ, and 3 V/ADJLow-Voltage Error Signal on Falling OutputShutdown CapabilityRemote Sense Capability for Optimal OutputRegulation and AccuracyLP2951 CAD/CAE symbolsPackagePinsDownloadSOIC (D)8View optionsSON (DRG)8View optionsLP2951 Functional Block DiagramLP2951 AdvantageLP2951 voltage regulatorThe LP2950 and LP2951 devices are bipolar, low-dropout voltage regulators that can accommodate a wide input supply-voltage range of up to 30 V. The easy-to-use, 3-pin LP2950 is available in fixed-output voltages of 5 V, 3.3 V, and 3 V. However, the 8-pin LP2951 device is able to output either a fixed or adjustable output from the same device. By tying the OUTPUT and SENSE pins together, and the FEEDBACK and VTAP pins together, the LP2951 device outputs a fixed 5 V, 3.3 V, or 3 V (depending on the version). Alternatively, by leaving the SENSE and VTAP pins open and connecting FEEDBACK to an external resistor divider, the output can be set to any value between 1.235 V to 30 V. The 8-pin LP2951 device also offers additional functionality that makes it particularly suitable for battery-powered applications. For example, a logic-compatible shutdown feature allows the regulator to be put in standby mode for power savings. In addition, there is a built-in supervisor reset function in which the ERROR output goes low when VOUT drops by 6% of its nominal value for whatever reasons – due to a drop in VIN, current limiting, or thermal shutdown. The LP2950 and LP2951 devices are designed to minimize all error contributions to the output voltage. With a tight output tolerance (0.5% at 25°C), a very low output voltage temperature coefficient (20 ppm typical), extremely good line and load regulation (0.3% and 0.4% typical), and remote sensing capability, the parts can be used as either low-power voltage references or 100-mA regulators.LP2951 PackagePART NUMBERPACKAGEBODY SIZE (NOM)LP2951SOIC (8)4.90 mm x 3.90 mmSON (8)3.00 mm x 3.00 mmLP2951 SpecificationOutput optionsAdjustable Output, Fixed OutputIout (Max) (A)0.1Vin (Max) (V)30Vin (Min) (V)2Vout (Max) (V)29Vout (Min) (V)1.2Fixed output options (V)3, 3.3, 5Noise (uVrms)160Iq (Typ) (mA)0.075Thermal resistance θJA (°C/W)52Load capacitance (Min) (µF)1RatingCatalogRegulated outputs (#)1FeaturesEnable, Power GoodAccuracy (%)3PSRR @ 100 KHz (dB)57Dropout voltage (Vdo) (Typ) (mV)380Operating temperature range (C)-40 to 125LP2951 ManufacturerTexas Instruments Inc. (TI)  is an American technology company that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globally. Its headquarters are in Dallas, Texas, United States. TI is one of the top ten semiconductor companies worldwide, based on sales volume. Texas Instruments's focus is on developing analog chips and embedded processors, which accounts for more than 80% of their revenue. TI also produces TI digital light processing (DLP) technology and education technology products including calculators, microcontrollers and multi-core processors. To date, TI has more than 43,000 patents worldwide.LP2951 DocumentsUser guideLP2951 EVM User's Guide (Rev. A)Application noteESR, Stability, and the LDO Regulator (Rev. A)Technical articleLDO basics: capacitor vs. capacitance Where to use LP2951Both LP2950 and LP2951 feature low quiescent current and low dropout voltage (typical 50mV at light load and 380mV at 100mA). These devices are an excellent choice for use in battery powered application such as cordless telephones, radio control systems and portable computers.Component DatasheetLP2951 DatasheetFAQWhat is the Output Voltage of LP2951? 5 V What is the Max Output Current of LP2951?100 mA What is the Max Input Voltage of LP2951?30 V What is the Output Type of LP2951?Fixed

CatalogProduct OverviewRelated Video InstrctionMS5611-01BA03 PinoutMS5611-01BA03 FeaturesTypical Performance CharacteristicsMS5611-01BA03 AttributesMS5611-01BA03 Breakout BoardMS5611-01BA03 ArduinoFunctional DescriptionMounting and Assembly ConsiderationsUsing WarningFAQ Product OverviewThe MS5611-01BA  is a new generation of high-resolution altimeter sensors from MEAS Switzerland with SPI and I²C bus interface. This barometric pressure sensor is optimized for altimeters and variometers with an altitude resolution of 10 cm. The sensor module includes a high linearity pressure sensor and an ultra-low power 24 bit ΔΣ ADC with internal factory calibrated coefficients. It provides a precise digital 24 Bit pressure and temperature value and different operation modes that allow the user to optimize for conversion speed and current consumption. A high resolution temperature output allows the implementation of an altimeter/thermometer function without any additional sensor. The MS5611-01BA can be interfaced to virtually any microcontroller. The communication protocol is simple, without the need of programming internal registers in the device. Small dimensions of only 5.0 mm x 3.0 mm and a height of only 1.0 mm allow for integration in mobile devices. This new sensor module generation is based on leading MEMS technology and the latest benefits from MEAS Switzerland proven experience and know-how in high volume manufacturing of altimeter modules, which have been widely used for over a decade. The sensing principle employed leads to very low hysteresis and high stability of both pressure and temperature signal. Related Video InstrctionVideo: MS5611-01BA01 high resolution pressure sensor with Arduino and ProcessingMS5611 Video Description: This are the results of my first developments on the MS5611-01BA01 used with Arduino and Processing. MS5611-01BA03 PinoutFigure: MS5611-01BA03 Pinout MS5611-01BA03 FeaturesMobile altimeter / barometer systemsBike computersVariometersHeight sensing for medical alarmsIndoor navigation Typical Performance Characteristics Figure: Typical Performance Characteristics MS5611-01BA03 AttributesProduct AttributeAttribute ValueSource Content uid:MS5611-01BA03Manufacturer Part Number:MS5611-01BA03Part Life Cycle Code:ActiveIhs Manufacturer:TE CONNECTIVITY LTDManufacturer:TE ConnectivityRisk Rank:5.81Body Breadth:3 mmBody Height:1 mmBody Length or Diameter:4.7 mmMounting Feature:SURFACE MOUNTNumber of Bits:24Operating Current-Max:0.0125 mAOperating Temperature-Max:85 °COperating Temperature-Min:-40 °COutput Interface Type:I2C INTERFACEOutput Range:0.60-2.40VOutput Type:DIGITAL VOLTAGEPackage Shape/Style:RECTANGULARPressure Range-Max:17.404 PsiPressure Range-Min:0.145 PsiPressure Sensing Mode:BAROMETRICResponse Time:8220 µsSensors/Transducers Type:PRESSURE SENSOR,PIEZORESISTIVESupply Voltage-Max:3.6 VSupply Voltage-Min:1.8 V MS5611-01BA03 Breakout BoardFigure: Breakout Board MS5611-01BA03 ArduinoThere are several ready-made modules with MS5611 sensors on the market, which differ mainly in the level of the supply voltage. Most often these are modules powered by 3.3V. In my case, I will use the IMU GY-86 module, which can be powered by both 5V and 3.3V. If we decide to supply 5V, pay special attention to connecting to the appropriate pin, connecting to the pin marked 3.3V may damage it. The pin marked SCL  ( adapter ) is connected to the A5 pin ( Arduino ), and the SDA pin(adapter) to pin A4 ( Arduino ). Let's not forget about the GND mass as well. Functional DescriptionGENERALThe MS5611-01BA consists of a piezo-resistive sensor and a sensor interface IC. The main function of the MS5611-01BA  is to convert the uncompensated analogue output voltage from the piezo-resistive pressure sensor to a 24-bit digital value, as well as provide a 24-bit digital value for the temperature of the sensor. FACTORY CALIBRATIONEvery module is individually factory calibrated at two temperatures and two pressures. As a result, 6 coefficients necessary to compensate for process variations and temperature variations are calculated and stored in the 128-bit PROM of each module. These bits (partitioned into 6 coefficients) must be read by the microcontroller software and used in the program converting D1 and D2 into compensated pressure and temperature values. SERIAL INTERFACEThe MS5611-01BA has built-in two types of serial interfaces:  SPI and I2C. Pulling the Protocol Select pin PS to low selects the SPI protocol, pulling PS to high activates the I2C bus protocol. SPI MODEThe external microcontroller clocks in the data through the input SCLK (Serial CLocK) and SDI (Serial Data In). In the SPI mode module can accept both mode 0 and mode 3 for the clock polarity and phase. The sensor responds on the output SDO (Serial Data Out). The pin CSB (Chip Select) is used to enable/disable the interface so that other devices can talk on the same SPI bus. The CSB pin can be pulled high after the command is sent or after the end of the command execution (for example end of conversion). The best noise performance from the module is obtained when the SPI bus is idle and without communication to other devices during the ADC conversion. I²C MODE The external microcontroller clocks in the data through the input SCLK (Serial CLocK) and SDA (Serial DAta). The sensor responds on the same pin SDA which is bidirectional for the I2C  bus interface. So this interface type uses only 2 signal lines and does not require a chip select, which can be favorable to reduce board space.  In I2C  -Mode the complement of the pin CSB (Chip Select) represents the LSB of the I2C  address. It is possible to use two sensors with two different addresses on the I2C  bus. The pin CSB shall be connected to VDD or GND (do not leave unconnected!). COMMANDS The MS5611-01BA has only five basic commands: 1. Reset 2. Read PROM (128 bit of calibration words) 3. D1 conversion  4. D2 conversion 5. Read ADC result (24 bit pressure/temperature) Mounting and Assembly ConsiderationsSOLDERING Please refer to the application note AN808 available on our website for all soldering issues. MOUNTING The MS5611-01BA can be placed with automatic Pick & Place equipment using vacuum nozzles. It will not be damaged by the vacuum. Due to the low stress assembly, the sensor does not show pressure hysteresis effects. It is important to solder all contact pads. CONNECTION TO PCB The package outline of the module allows the use of a flexible PCB for interconnection. This can be important for applications in watches and other special devices. CLEANING The MS5611-01BA has been manufactured under cleanroom conditions. It is therefore recommended to assemble the sensor under class 10’000 or better conditions. Should this not be possible, it is recommended to protect the sensor opening during assembly from entering particles and dust. To avoid cleaning of the PCB, a solder paste of type “no-clean” shall be used. Cleaning might damage the sensor! ESD PRECAUTIONS The electrical contact pads are protected against ESD up to 4 kV HBM (human body model). It is therefore essential to ground machines and personnel properly during assembly and handling of the device. The MS5611-01BA is shipped in antistatic transport boxes. Any test adapters or production transport boxes used during the assembly of the sensor shall be of equivalent antistatic material. DECOUPLING CAPACITOR Particular care must be taken when connecting the device to the power supply. A 100 nF ceramic capacitor must be placed as close as possible to the  MS5611-01BA VDD pin. This capacitor will stabilize the power supply during data conversion and thus, provide the highest possible accuracy. Using WarningPlease check their parameters and pin configuration before replacing them in your circuit. FAQWhat allows the implementation of an altimeter/thermometer function without any additional sensor?High resolution temperature output. How long has the MS5611-01BA been widely used?Over a decade. What module can be powered by both 5V and 3.3V?IMU GY-86 module What two types of serial interfaces does the MS5611-01BA have?SPI and I2C How is each module calibrated?Factory calibrated at two temperatures and two pressures. What does the MS5611-01BA allow the user to optimize for?Conversion speed and current consumption. What is the MS5611-01BA interfaced to?Virtually any microcontroller. What is the height of the MS5611-01BA?1.0 mm. What does the MS5611-01BA consist of?A piezo-resistive sensor and a sensor interface IC. What digital value does the MS5611-01BA convert the uncompensated analogue output voltage from the piezo-resistive?24-bit.