The Kynix Components

CD4011 is a member of the CD40xx CMOS IC series. CD4011 is a 2 input NAND gate IC. It is a quadrable NAND gate integrated circuit that means it consists of 4 NAND gates in a single unit. It is based on CMOS logic. All inputs and outputs are designed according to the CMOS logic voltage level.  The CD4011 IC contains four independent NAND gates. The devices perform the Boolean function Y = A × B or Y = A + B in positive logic. This IC is used in AV Receivers, Portable Audio Docks, and Blu-Ray Players.CatalogCD4011 PinoutCD4011 Functional Block DiagramCD4011 ParametersCD4011 FeaturesCD4011 Test CircuitsCD4011 PackageWhere to Use CD4011 NAND GateHow to Use CD4011 NAND GateCD4011 ApplicationsCD4011 ManufacturerComponent DatasheetFAQCD4011 Pinout Pin NumberPin NameDescription1,2,5,6,8,9,12,13NAND Gate Input pinsFirst Input pin for the NAND gate3,4,10,11NAND Gate Output pinsOutput pin for the NAND gate7GroundConnect to the ground of the circuit.14Vcc (Vdd)Used to power the IC. Typically +5V is used CD4011 Functional Block DiagramAs you can see in the block diagram below, CD4011 consists of NMOS and PMOS transistors and logic for this high operation NAND gate is based on NOT and NOR gates.CD4011 ParametersTechnology FamilyCD4000VCC (Min) (V)3VCC (Max) (V)18Channels (#)4Inputs per channel2IOL (Max) (mA)6.8IOH (Max) (mA)-6.8Input typeStandard CMOSOutput typePush-PullFeaturesStandard Speed (tpd > 50ns)Data rate (Max) (Mbps)8RatingCatalogOperating temperature range (C)-55 to 125 CD4011 FeaturesPropagation delay time = 60 ns (typ.) at CL = 50 pF, VDD = 10 VBuffered inputs and outputsStandardized symmetrical output characteristicsMaximum input current of 1 µA at 18 V over-full package temperature range; 100 nA at 18 V and 25°C100% tested for quiescent current at 20 V5-V, 10-V, and 15-V parametric ratingsNoise margin (over full package temperature range:    1 V at VDD = 5 V    2 V at VDD = 10 V    2.5 at VDD = 15 VMeets all requirements of JEDEC Tentative Standard No. 13B, "Standard Specifications for Description of "B" Series CMOS Devices"CD4011 Test CircuitsQuiescent-device-current Test CircuitInput-voltage Test CircuitInput-current Test Circuit CD4011 PackagePDIP (N)14181 mm² 19.3 x 9.4SOIC (D)1452 mm² 8.65 x 6SOP (NS)1480 mm² 10.2 x 7.8TSSOP (PW)1432 mm² 5 x 6.4 Where to Use CD4011 NAND GateCD4011 is a 2-input 4 NAND gate IC and used in many electronic circuits. CD4011 used for performing the Logic NAND function. When you want to use it as a logic inverter, NAND gates in this chip can be reconfigured to make them NOT gate. It can also be used in applications where high-speed NAND output is required as this chip can provide output in less than 60ns. To make high-speed operation, we always need a circuit with low transition time. In short, it is the recommended logic gate for high-frequency systems.How to Use CD4011 NAND GateAs we have already discussed in detail about the pinout and pin configuration of CD4011 8-bit NAND IC, it has four NAND gates. To understand its working, let’s first understand how NAND gate works. The table shown here demonstrates the logical function of the NAND gate. INPUT AINPUT BOUTPUTLOW  (0)LOW  (0)HIGH (1)LOW  (0)HIGH (1)HIGH (1)HIGH (1)LOW  (0)HIGH (1)HIGH (1)HIGH (1)LOW  (0) As you can see from the above table, the output of the logic gate is low only when both inputs are logical high.  It has 12 I/O pins out of which 4 pins are output pins and 8 are inputs pins. The internal circuit diagram depicts the I/O pins clearly.CD4011 ApplicationsDecodersMultiplexersLogic gatesAudio playersAV based receivers and transmittersDigital lockssafety thermostatsCD4011 ManufacturerTexas Instruments Incorporated (TI) is an American technology company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globally. It is one of the top 10 semiconductor companies worldwide based on sales volume. The company's focus is on developing analog chips and embedded processors, which account for more than 80% of its revenue. TI also produces TI digital light processing technology and education technology products including calculators, microcontrollers and multi-core processors. The company holds 45,000 patents worldwide as of 2016.Component DatasheetCD4011 DatasheetFAQWhat is cd4011?The CD4011 is a CMOS chip with four NAND gates. Because each gate has two inputs and it has 4 gates inside, it's usually called a Quad 2-Input NAND Gate. A NAND gate combines the functionality of AND and NOT gates. It gives a LOW output only when all inputs are HIGH; otherwise, the output is LOW.Which ic is used for NAND gate?The standard, 4000 series, CMOS IC is the 4011, which includes four independent, two-input, NAND gates.What is the difference between NAND and NOR gate?The NAND gate operates as an AND gate followed by a NOT gate. It acts in the manner of the logical operation "and" followed by negation. The output is "false" if both inputs are "true." Otherwise, the output is "true." The NOR gate is a combination OR gate followed by an inverter.What is NAND stand for?Not AndDefinition. NAND. Not And (electronic logic gate)Where is NAND used?NAND flash devices, available in 128Mb to 2Tb densities, are used to store data and code. Low-density NAND flash is ideal for applications like STBs, digital televisions (DTVs), and DSCs while high-density NAND flash is most commonly used in data-heavy applications like SSDs, tablets, and USB drives.How does a NAND chip work?NAND flash saves data as blocks and relies on electric circuits to store data. When power is detached from NAND flash memory, a metal-oxide semiconductor will provide an extra charge to the memory cell, keeping the data. The metal-oxide semiconductor typically used is a floating-gate transistor (FGT). 

Overview of RP2040Overview of STM32Video Related about RP2040 VS STM32RP2040 VS STM32 FeaturesRP2040 VS STM32 PinoutRP2040 VS STM32 SpecificationsParameters of RP2040 VS STM32Couclusion of RP2040 VS STM32RP2040 VS STM32 Package informationSTM32 ManufacturerSTM32 DatasheetRP2040 VS STM32 FAQ Overview of RP2040The first microcontroller produced by the firm is the Raspberry Pi RP2040. It delivers our distinctive values of excellent performance, cheap cost, and simplicity of use to the microcontroller market. Due to its substantial on-chip memory, symmetric dual-core processing complex, deterministic bus fabric, extensive peripheral set, and cutting-edge Programmable I/O (PIO) subsystem, it offers professional users unmatched power and flexibility. With comprehensive documentation, a flawless MicroPython port, and a UF2 bootloader in ROM, it offers the lowest entry barrier for novice and amateur users.The RP2040 is a stateless device with execute-in-place functionality cached in external QSPI memory. With this design choice, you can take advantage of the low cost of commodity Flash while also choosing the ideal nonvolatile storage density for your application. Overview of STM32Based on the Arm Cortex-M CPU, STMicroelectronics' STM32 32-Bit ARM® Cortex®-M MCUs are intended to enable MCU users a level of freedom previously unattainable. The 32-bit version of the MCUs combines real-time capability, high performance, digital signal processing, and low power, low voltage operation. While doing so, total integration and development simplicity are maintained.Arm Cortex-M cores (M0, M0+, M3, M4, and M7) as well as other options are now available in the STM32 family. As a result, programmers are free to select the finest STM32 for their applications. Applications' portability between devices is given considerable care. Video Related about RP2040 VS STM32Video Introduction: The Raspberry Pi Foundation today introduced a new $4 microcontroller board, the Pico. It uses a brand new custom dual-core Arm M0+ processor, the RP2040. This video compares its features with STM32 Black Pill board ones. RP2040 VS STM32 FeaturesSTM32 FeaturesARM® 32-bit Cortex®-M3 CPU CoreMemoriesClock, reset and supply managementLow-power2 x 12-bit, 1 µs A/D converters (up to 16 channels)DMAUp to 80 fast I/O portsDebug mode7 timersUp to 9 communication interfacesCRC calculation unit, 96-bit unique IDPackages are ECOPACK® RP2040 FeaturesDual ARM Cortex-M0+ @ 133MHz264kB on-chip SRAM in six independent banksSupport for up to 16MB of off-chip Flash memory via dedicated QSPI busDMA controllerFully-connected AHB crossbarInterpolator and integer divider peripheralsOn-chip programmable LDO to generate core voltage2 on-chip PLLs to generate USB and core clocks30 GPIO pins, 4 of which can be used as analogue inputsPeripherals RP2040 VS STM32 PinoutRP2040 PinoutSTM Pinout RP2040 VS STM32 Block DiagramRP2040 Block DiagramSTM Block Diagram RP2040 VS STM32 Specifications RP2040STM32ManufacturerRaspberry PiSTMicroelectronicsOperating Temperature-20°C to +85°C-40°C~85°CProcessor SeriesDual ARM Cortex-M0+ coresARM Cortex MImages Parameters of RP2040 VS STM32 RP2040STM32MicrocontrollerDual-coreSignal coreCore Architecture32-bit ARM Cortex M0+32-bit ARM Cortex M3/M4CPU Clock48MHz Up to 133MHz72MHz BothRAM Size264 Kilobytes20 KilobytesFlash Size2MB64KBEEPROMNo524KBProgramming LanguagesMicro Python C/C++C/C++USB InterfaceUSB1.1USB2.0MCU Voltage3.3 Volts DC3.3 Volts DCAlternative Board Power2-5V PC vis Pin392.0-3.6V Couclusion of RP2040 VS STM32There are various differences between RP2040 and STM32, including the type of microcontroller and Processor Series. The STM32 is a Signal core microcontroller, whereas the RP2040 is a Dual-core microcontroller. While the STM32 Processor Series uses ARM Cortex M, the RP2040 Processor Series uses dual ARM Cortex-M0+ cores. Additionally, RP2040 has various parameters that are higher than STM32. With 264 Kilobytes of RAM as opposed to STM32's 20 Kilobytes, RP2040 has a larger RAM size. With a 2MB flash size compared to a 64KB flash size for STM32, the RP2040 has a larger flash size. STM32's working temperature is higher than RP2040's, though. While the operational range of the STM32 is -40°C to +85°C, that of the RP2040 is -20°C to +85°C. Therefore, in my opinion, the RP2040 is superior to the STM32. RP2040 VS STM32 Package informationRP2040 Package informationSTM Package information(1)STM Package information(2) STM32 ManufacturerLeading independent semiconductor company STMicroelectronics develops and provides semiconductor solutions for a variety of microelectronics applications. Thanks to an unrivaled combination of silicon and system expertise, manufacturing capabilities, Intellectual Property (IP) portfolio, and strategic partners, the Company is at the forefront of System-on-Chip (SoC) technology, and its products significantly contribute to supporting current convergence trends. STM32 DatasheetSTM32 Datasheet RP2040 VS STM32 FAQWhat are STM32 used for?STM32 microcontrollers come with a plethora of serial and parallel communication peripherals that can be used to connect to a variety of electrical components such as sensors, displays, cameras, motors, and more. Internal Flash memory and RAM are included in all STM32 models. What is RP2040 chip?The Raspberry Pi RP2040 Microcontroller Chip is the company's first microcontroller. It revolutionizes the microcontroller market with high performance, low cost, and ease of use. The RP2040 has a lot of on-chip memory, a symmetric dual-core processor, a deterministic bus fabric, and a lot of peripherals. What is the difference between ESP32 and STM32?As others have mentioned, ESP32 can be utilized if you're only interested in connectivity (BLE and WiFi), whereas STM32 has a wider range of applications. STM32 + Other chip-sets are frequently used in products to accomplish communication and sensing applications.

74HC164 DescriptionThe 74HC164 is an 8-bit serial-in/parallel-out shift register. The device features two serial data inputs  (DSA and DSB ), eight parallel data outputs  (Q0 to Q7). Data is entered serially through DSA  or DSB  and either input can be used as an active HIGH enable for data entry through the other input. Data is shifted on the LOW-to-HIGH transitions of the clock (CP) input. A LOW on the master reset input  (MR) clears the register and forces all outputs LOW, independently of other inputs. Inputs include clamp diodes. This enables the use of current limiting resistors to interface inputs to voltages in excess of VCC.74HC164Catalog74HC164 Description74HC164 Pin Configuration and Functions74HC164 Features74HC164 Functional Block Diagram74HC164 ApplicationsDifferences Between 74HC164 and 74HC59574HC164 Package OutlineComponent DatasheetFAQOrdering & Quantity 74HC164 Pin Configuration and Functions   Pin Functions:74HC164 FeaturesWide supply voltage range from 2.0 to 6.0 VCMOS low power dissipation • High noise immunityInput levels:  1. For 74HC164: CMOS level   2.  For 74HCT164:  TTL  levelGated serial data inputs  Asynchronous master resetComplies with  JEDEC  standardsJESD8C (2.7 V to 3.6 V)JESD7A (2.0 V to 6.0 V)Latch-up performance exceeds 100 mA per JESD 78 Class II Level BESD protection:  1. HBM JESD22-A114F exceeds 2000 V   2. MM JESD22-A115-A exceeds 200 VMultiple package optionsSpecified from -40 °C to +85 °C and -40 °C to +125 °C.74HC164 Functional Block Diagram74HC164 ApplicationsProgramable Logic ControllersAppliancesVideo Display SystemsOutput ExpanderDifferences Between 74HC164 and 74HC59574HC595 Pinout74HC595 Pin FunctionsPin No.SymbolName and Function1,2,3,4,5,6,7,15QA to QHData output8GNDGround (0V)9QHSerial data output10SCLRShift register clear input11SCKShift register clock input12RCKStorage register clock input13GOutput enable input14SISerial data input16VCCPositive supply voltage 74HC595 has a latch, so the output can remain unchanged during the shift; 74HC164 has no latch, so it changes every time a shift clock is generated. This is the biggest difference between the two74HC595 uses a special Q7 pin to realize multi-chip cascade; 74HC164 directly uses output pin Q7 to cascade74HC595 has enable OE, when OE is invalid, the output pin is high impedance; while 74HC164 has no enable pinThe reset of 74HC595 is for the shift register. If you want to reset the LATCH register, you must load the shift register content into the latch register on the rising edge of ST_CP; that is to say: 74HC595 reset is synchronous, 74HC164 reset is asynchronous, So the reset of 74HC164 is easier74HC164 has a corresponding 74HC165 parallel-to-serial chip.74HC164 Package OutlinePackage outline SOT108-1 (SO14) Package outline SOT337-1 (SSOP14)  Package outline SOT402-1 (TSSOP14) Package outline SOT762-1 (DHVQFN14)Component Datasheet74HC164 DatasheetFAQHow does the 74HC164 transmit data in the microcontroller circuit?One pin of the single-chip microcomputer is like a faucet, and the data is sent one by one, that is, like the water from the faucet, dripping drop by drop. The 74H164 is like a small bowl receiving water. It is just full after receiving 8 drops of water. At this time, it is sent to the digital tube.The single-chip microcomputer must send an 8-bit (or more) data, if it is sent at the same time, it is a parallel transmission, if it is a bit by bit, it is a serial transmission. The data of the single-chip microcomputer is sent to the 74HC164 bit by bit, which is serial, and the 74HC164 sends the data to the digital tube at once, which is parallel. So 74HC164 plays a role from serial transmissionto paralleltransmission.What is the difference between 74HC164D and 74HC164N MCU?The D in 74HC164D represents a chip package. The N in 74HC164N means dual in-line plastic packaging.What is the difference between 74HC164 and 74LS164, can they be used together?74ls164 is a TTL circuit, the power supply voltage is 5V, the high-level output current Ioh is -0.4MA, and the low-level output current is 8MA.74HC164 is a CMOS circuit, the power supply voltage is 2V ~ 6V, the output drive current can reach plus or minus 20MA. If the power supply voltage you use is 5V and the output drive current is suitable for 74ls164, they can be used together.What devices can 74hc164 be replaced with?74HC164 is a CMOS device with a power supply voltage of 2V-6V. It can be directly replaced by 74HCT164, 40H164. If the power supply voltage is 5V and the output drive current is small, it can also be replaced by 74164, 74LS164, 74F164, 74ALS164.Which of 74LS164 and 74HC164 has higher driving capability?74LS164 is a TTL device with a high-level driving capability of about 0.4mA and a low-level driving capability of about 8mA. 74HC164 is a CMOS device, with high-level and low-level drive capability up to 20mA. The above data comes from DATASHEET. But generally speaking, the high-level output capability of many CMOS devices is weak, smaller than TTL, and the low-level drive capability is stronger.Can 74hc164n be used to drive the digital tube?Of course, you can use the 164 chip to drive the nixie tube, which is mostly used in situations where the IO port resources are tight and the display data refresh of the nixie tube is slow. When designing the circuit, multiple 164 chips are used in cascade, no matter how many digital tubes are driven, only 2 IO ports of the single-chip microcomputer are occupied. It can be said that it is the most IO port-saving driving method, and it is still driven statically, without strobe and brightness Low phenomenon.The disadvantage is that multiple 164s are used in cascade connection, which will cause the single-chip microcomputer to send a large amount of display data (1 byte per nixie tube) at one time when refreshing the display data. During this process, the nixie tube will be all on, although the data is sent The process duration is very short, but it still affects the display effect. It is recommended to turn off the digital tube when refreshing the data.

TIP31C is a bipolar power transistor which designed for use in general purpose amplifier and switching applications. This blog mainly introduce pinout, equivalents, applications and other detailed information about TIP31C. Down below is a video shows how to use TIP31C to make an audio amplifier. This blog will introduce TIP31C systematically from its pinout, features to its application, equivalents, also including where and how to use this component and so much more.Using TIP31C Making Powerful Audio AmplifierCatalogTIP31C Pin Configuration and FunctionsTIP31C FeaturesTIP31C ApplicationsTIP31C PackageWhere to Use TIP31CHow to Use TIP31CHow to Safely Long Run TIP31C in a CircuitTIP31C Functional EquivalentsTIP31C Popularity by RegionTIP31C Market Price AnalysisTIP31C ManufacturerComponent DatasheetFAQOrdering & QuantityTIP31C Pin Configuration and Functions Like any other transistor it has three pins namely EMITTER, BASE and COLLECTOR. The pin configuration of TIP31C is given below. Pin NumberPin NameDescription1Base (B)Normally used as TRIGGER to turn ON the TRANSISTOR.2Collector (C)Normally connected to LOAD3Emitter (E)Normally connected to GROUNDTIP31C FeaturesNew enhanced seriesHigh switching speedhFE improved linearityhFE GroupingTIP31C ApplicationsDC motor speed controlLighting systemsPWM applicationsRelay driversSwitch mode power supplyAudio AmplifiersSignal AmplifiersTIP31C PackageWhere to Use TIP31CTIP31C can be used in the situations below: Situation 1: When you want a simple switching device for medium power loads. TIP31C is one of the basic TRANSISTORS out there which are easily available and cheap. With electrical characteristics suiting many applications it is fairly popular. So the component is best suited when choosing a random switching device. Situation 2: When you want amplify a signal. The amplifying factor of TIP31C is fairly good and the important thing is gain is almost linear. So these characteristics make TIP31C one of best contender for amplifying applications. Situation 3: TIP31C can be controlled by microcontroller pulses because of its gain and high speed response. So it can be used in high speed switching applications. How to Use TIP31CTIP31C can be used like any other power transistor. Here we are going to use TIP31C in common emitter configuration to understand its working. In the circuit above we are using TIP31C as a simple switching device. As show in figure we are using a small DC MOTOR as the LOAD. The TRIGGER for turning ON the TRANSISTOR is provided by CONTROL UNIT (NOT MICROCONTROLLER as MICROCONTROLLER cannot deliver 300mA). The control unit provides +5V pulses to base of TRANSISTOR. The CONTROL UNIT GROUND must be connected to TRANSISTOR EMITTER compulsorily. The 10Ω resistor is provided for limiting the current through BASE.  This BASE current limiting resistor is important. Could be chosen accurately by calculating: Maximum current through BASE = 1 AmpChoose BASE current = 0.9 AmpMaximum Voltage across BASE and EMITTER= 5 VoltChoose Vbe = 4.5Voltage across resistor R = CONTROL UNIT VOLTAGE OUTPUT – 4.5 = XX VResistor R = XX/0.9 = YYΩ.Put YY Ω resistance in series with base as shown in circuit. Under normal conditions the TRANSISTOR will be OFF as these will be no BASE current. When the CONTROL UNIT voltage pulses reaches BASE then current flows through BASE of TRANSISTOR. With BASE current flow, TRANSISTOR gets turned ON. With that there will be COLLECTOR current which flows through MOTOR. So the MOTOR rotates. The MOTOR will be keep rotating until there will be BASE current. When the CONTROL UNIT output goes LOW the BASE current becomes ZERO. The TRANSISTOR gets turned OFF when the BASE current becomes ZERO. So the COLLECTOR current also becomes ZERO, bringing MOTOR to STOP.   This way we can use TIP31C as a switching device. The circuit used above is a simple testing circuit and is not an application circuit.  Using it without arrangements like HEAK SINK, FLYBACK DIODE etc, will damage the device. For using the TIP31C as an amplifier one needs to consider current gain characteristics. So we will introduce the CURRENT GAIN graph of TIP31C for better understanding. The typical DC GAIN graph of TIP31C is given below.From graph the GAIN is almost 100 when COLLECTOR current is 1000mA or 1A. And GAIN drops to 60 when COLLECTOR current is 2000mA or 2A. When COLLECTOR current goes beyond 2A the GAIN is almost linear. This parameter value is important for APLIFIERS. By taking these ranges into consideration we can make appropriate arrangements for better performance.How to Safely Long Run TIP31C in a Circuit To run TIP31C transistors safely for years, it is recommended to always stay 20% below the maximum ratings. Using components at their maximum ratings may result in a shorter life span. To provide the required base current to the transistor, always use a suitable base resistor. In peak or pulse mode, do not drive a load greater than 100V and 3A, and do not drive a load greater than 5A. Also, always store and operate the transiator at temperatures above -65 degrees Celsius and below +150 degrees Celsius.TIP31C Functional EquivalentsPart NumberDescriptionManufacturerTIP31CATRANSISTORSPower Bipolar Transistor, 3A I(C), 100V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-220AB, Plastic/Epoxy, 3 PinMotorola Semiconductor ProductsTIP31CUATRANSISTORS3A, 100V, NPN, Si, POWER TRANSISTOR, TO-220ABMotorola Mobility LLCTIP31CUTRANSISTORSPower Bipolar Transistor, 3A I(C), 100V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-220AB, Plastic/Epoxy, 3 PinMotorola Semiconductor ProductsTIP31CDWTRANSISTORS3A, 100V, NPN, Si, POWER TRANSISTOR, PLASTIC, TO-220AB, 3 PINON SemiconductorTIP31CG-T60-KTRANSISTORSPower Bipolar TransistorUnisonic Technologies Co LtdTIP31C16ATRANSISTORS3A, 100V, NPN, Si, POWER TRANSISTOR, TO-220ABMotorola Mobility LLCTIP31CG-TA3-TTRANSISTORSPower Bipolar Transistor, 3A I(C), 100V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-220AB, Plastic/Epoxy, 3 Pin, HALOGEN FREE, TO-220, 3 PINUnisonic Technologies Co LtdTIP31CGTRANSISTORSPower Bipolar Transistor,Galaxy MicroelectronicsTIP31C-CTRANSISTORSPower Bipolar TransistorSecos CorporationTIP31C-6226TRANSISTORS5A, 100V, NPN, Si, POWER TRANSISTOR, TO-220ABIntersil Corporation TIP31C Popularity by RegionTIP31C Market Price AnalysisTIP31C ManufacturerFairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California. Founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, it became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of integrated circuits. The Company offers load switches, transistors, sensors, drivers, transceivers, and automotive products. In September 2016, Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor.Component DatasheetTIP31C DatasheetFAQWhat is TIP31C used for?The TIP31C is a base island technology NPN power transistor in TO-220 plastic package with better performances than the industry standard TIP31C that make this device suitable for audio, power linear and switching applications. What are replacements for TIP31C?TIP31C TRANSISTOR has many replacements like TIP31A, 2N6122, TIP31B, MJE340K, SW4F013.

The IRF520 is a Power Mosfet with 9.2A collector current and 100V breakdown voltage. The mosfet has a low gate threshold voltage of 4V and hence commonly used with microcontrollers like Arduino for switching high current loads.CatalogIRF520 Pin ConfigurationIRF520 SpecificationIRF520 FeaturesIRF520 ApplicationsIRF520 Functional EquivalentsWhere We Can Use it & How to UseIRF520 Test CircuitsHow to Safely Long Run IRF520 in a CircuitIRF520 PackageIRF520 Popularity by RegionIRF520 ManufacturerComponent DatasheetFAQIRF520 Pin Configuration Pin NameDescriptionSourceCurrent flows out through SourceGateControls the biasing of the MOSFETDrainCurrent flows in through DrainIRF520 Specification AttributeAttribute ValueManufacturer:Vishay / SiliconixProduct Category:Transistors - FETs, MOSFETs - SingleMounting-Style:SMD/SMTPackage-Case:TO-252-3Number-of-Channels:1 ChannelTransistor-Polarity:N-ChannelVds-Drain-Source-Breakdown-Voltage:100 VId-Continuous-Drain-Current:9.2 ARds-On-Drain-Source-Resistance:270 mOhmsVgs-Gate-Source-Voltage:20 VMaximum-Operating-Temperature:+ 175 CTechnology:SiPackaging:ReelChannel-Mode:EnhancementConfiguration:SingleFall-Time:20 nsMinimum-Operating-Temperature:- 55 CPd-Power-Dissipation:3.7 WRise-Time:30 nsTransistor-Type:1 N-ChannelTypical-Turn-Off-Delay-Time:19 nsTypical-Turn-On-Delay-Time:8.8 nsUnit-Weight:0.050717 ozIRF520 FeaturesDynamic dV/dt RatingRepetitive Avalanche Rated175 °C Operating TemperatureFast SwitchingEase of ParallelingSimple Drive RequirementsCompliant to RoHS Directive 2002/95/ECIRF520 ApplicationsDC to DC convertersApplications that requires fast switchingUninterruptible power suppliesBattery chargersBattery management systemsSolar ApplicationsMotor Driver CircuitsComputer & telecommunication applicationsIRF520 Functional EquivalentsPart NumberDescriptionManufacturerIRF520TRANSISTORS10A, 100V, 0.27ohm, N-CHANNEL, Si, POWER, MOSFET, TO-220AB, TO-220, 3 PINSTMicroelectronicsIRF520PBFTRANSISTORSPower Field-Effect Transistor, 9.2A I(D), 100V, 0.27ohm, 1-Element, N-Channel, Silicon, Metal-oxide Semiconductor FET, TO-220AB, ROHS COMPLIANT PACKAGE-3Vishay IntertechnologiesSIHF520-E3TRANSISTORSTRANSISTOR 9.2 A, 100 V, 0.27 ohm, N-CHANNEL, Si, POWER, MOSFET, TO-220AB, ROHS COMPLIANT, TO-220, 3 PIN, FET General Purpose PowerVishay SiliconixSIHF520TRANSISTORSTRANSISTOR 9.2 A, 100 V, 0.27 ohm, N-CHANNEL, Si, POWER, MOSFET, TO-220AB, TO-220, 3 PIN, FET General Purpose PowerVishay SiliconixWhere We Can Use it & How to UseIRF520 can be used in wide variety of circuits such as motor controller circuits, low current UPS, power supplies other than that it can also be used to drive other high power components such as relays and transistors etc. Due to low gate power requirements it can easily be used at the output of arduino, raspberry pi and variety of ICs and microcontrollers to drive high current loads. Beside the above uses it can also be used in audio amplifier circuits.IRF520 Test Circuits Switching Time Test CircuitUnclamped Inductive Test CircuitGate Charge Test CircuitPeak Diode Recovery dV/dt Test CircuitHow to Safely Long Run IRF520 in a CircuitTo get long term performance use IRF520, at least 20% below from its max ratings. The Maximum drain current is 9.2A thus do not drive load of more than 7.36A. The max drain to source voltage is 100V thus the load voltage should be under 80V. Gate to source voltage should be under ±20V and always store and operate the transistor in temperature above -55 Celsius and below +175 Celsius.IRF520 PackageIRF520 Popularity by RegionIRF520 ManufacturerVishay Intertechnology was founded in 1962 by Dr. Felix Zandman. It began operations with one technology that had two product lines: foil resistors and foil resistance strain gages. In 1985, having grown from a start-up into the world’s leading manufacturer of these original products, the Company began an ongoing series of strategic acquisitions to become a broadline manufacturer of electronic components. Today, Vishay Intertechnology is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of discrete semiconductors and passive electronic components. These components are used in virtually all types of electronic devices and equipment, in the industrial, computing, automotive, consumer, telecommunications, military, aerospace, power supplies, and medical markets.Component DatasheetIRF520 DatasheetFAQWhat is IRF520?The IRF520 is a Power Mosfet with 9.2A collector current and 100V breakdown voltage. The mosfet has a low gate threshold voltage of 4V and hence commonly used with microcontrollers like Arduino for switching high current loads.What are power MOSFET used for?Power MOSFETs are widely used in transportation technology, which include a wide range of vehicles. In the automotive industry, power MOSFETs are widely used in automotive electronics. Power MOSFETs (including DMOS, LDMOS and VMOS) are commonly used for a wide range of other applications.How Does MOSFET Work?In general, the MOSFET works as a switch, the MOSFET controls the voltage and current flow between the source and drain. The working of the MOSFET depends on the MOS capacitor, which is the semiconductor surface below the oxide layers between the source and drain terminal.How do I check my MOSFET?1) Hold the MosFet by the case or the tab but don't touch the metal parts of the test probes with any of the other MosFet's terminals until needed. 2) First, touch the meter positive lead onto the MosFet's 'Gate'. 3) Now move the positive probe to the 'Drain'. You should get a 'low' reading.What is an N channel Mosfet?An N-Channel MOSFET is a type of MOSFET in which the channel of the MOSFET is composed of a majority of electrons as current carriers. ... A depletion-type MOSFET is normally on (maximum current flows from drain to source) when no difference in voltage exists betweeen the gate and source terminals.What is the differences between Transistor and Mosfet?The BJT is a bipolar junction transistor whereas MOSFET is a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor. ... BJT's are used for low current applications, whereas MOSFET is used for high power applications. Nowadays, in analog and digital circuits, MOSFETs are treated to be more commonly used than BJTS.What is the differences between N and P channel transistor?In an N-channel MOSFET, the source is connected to ground, the drain to the load, and the FET will turn on when a positive voltage is applied to the gate. ... This means that if you want to use a P-channel mosfet to switch voltages higher than 5V, you'll need another transistor (of some sort) to turn it on and off.Why do we use Mosfet?The MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) transistor is a semiconductor device which is widely used for switching and amplifying electronic signals in the electronic devices. The MOSFET is a three terminal device such as source, gate, and drain.How to connect Mosfet to arduino?First, let's place the N-channel MOSFET onto the breadboard – make sure that each lead has its own node. Tie the source pin to GND, the gate to Uno pin 2, and the drain to the black wire on the fan. The red wire of the fan gets connected to the positive rail on the breadboard. 

74LS00 contains 4 independent gates each of which performs the logic NAND function. The 74LS00 is one of the best known and most basic of a series of logic gates.  There are three gates, AND, OR and NOT, all of which have different internal circuits and have different uses in each device. By combining these three circuits, we can make a number of other gates, namely NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR, all of which can be easily fabricated using transistors, resistors and capacitors. When we build these circuits, the size of the individual gates becomes beyond our expectations. 　　This vedio introduces 7400 NAND Gate & Truth TableCatalog74LS00 Pinout74LS00 Truth Table74LS00 Parameter74LS00 Advantages74LS00 Features74LS00 ApplicationsSignificance of 74, LS, and 00Is ‘74HC00’ and ‘74LS00’ the Same74LS00 ManufacturerComponent DatasheetFAQOrdering & Quantity74LS00 Pinout74LS00 PinoutPin NumberPin DescriptionNAND GATE 11A1-INPUT1 of GATE 12B1-INPUT2 of GATE 13Y1-OUTPUT of GATE1NAND GATE 24A2-INPUT1 of GATE 25B2-INPUT2 of GATE 26Y2-OUTPUT of GATE2NAND GATE 39A3-INPUT1 of GATE 310B3-INPUT2 of GATE 38Y3-OUTPUT of GATE3NAND GATE 412A4-INPUT1 of GATE 413B4-INPUT2 of GATE 411Y4-OUTPUT of GATE4SHARED TERMINALS7GND- Connected to ground14VCC-Connected to positive voltage to provide power to all four gates74LS00 Truth TableInputsOutputsABYLLHLHHHLHHHLH=High Logic LevelL=Low Logic Level74LS00 ParameterRecommended Operating ConditionsSymbolParameterMinNomMaxUnitsVCCSupply Voltage4.7555.25VVIHHigh Level Input Voltage2--VVILLOW Level Input Voltage--0.8VIOHHIGH Level Output Current---0.4mAIOLLOW Level Output Current--8mATAFree Air Operating Temperature0-70℃DC PecificationsSymbol ParameterConditionsMinTyp(Note 1)MaxUnitsVIInput Clamp VoltageVCC = Min, II = -18 mA---1.5VVOHHIGH Level Output VoltageVCC=Min,IOH=Max,VIL=Max2.73.4-VVOLLOW LevelOutput VoltageVCC=Min,IOL=Max,VIH=Min-0.350.5VIOL = 4 mA, VCC = Min-0.250.4IIInput Current @ MAX Input VoltageVCC = Max, VI = 7V--0.1mAIIHHIGH Level Input CurrentVCC = Max, VI = 2.7V--20μAIILLOW Level Input CurrentVCC = Max, VI = 0.4V---0.36mAIOSShort Circuit Output CurrentVCC = Max (Note 2)-20--100mAICCHSupply Current with Outputs HIGHVCC = Max-0.81.6mAICCLSupply Current with Outputs LOWVCC = Max-2.44.4mA　　Note 1: All typicals are at VCC = 5V, TA = 25°C.　　Note 2: Not more than one output should be shorted at a time, and the duration should not exceed one secondElectrical CharacteristicsSymbol ParameterCL = 15pFCL = 50pFUnits MinMaxMinMaxtPLHPropagation Delay Time LOW-to-HIGH Level Output310415nstPHLPropagation Delay Time310415ns74LS00 AdvantagesThe 74LS00 family improves technically on the 7400 family in two key areas: faster speed and lower power consumption. The only limitation of the 74LS00 family compared to the 7400 family is that the 74LS00 family can only source half as much current. However part of the current reduction in the 74LS00 family was on inputs, such that a typical 74LS00 family part can drive twenty LS loads (that is, one output can fan out to twenty inputs within the 74LS00 family; compare this to the 7400 family, which could only drive ten inputs in the same family).74LS00 FeaturesCan be used as a NAND gate however due to the universality of the NAND gate, it can be converted into other gates easily.Its internal structure is TTL based.It comes in multiple packages, SOIC, PDIP and SOP.Can be used in High-frequency systems.74LS00 ApplicationsGeneral purpose logicDigital ElectronicsPCs and notebooksServersALUsNetworkingDigital systemsSignificance of 74, LS, and 00LS is a subfamily called low pwer Schottky which was lower in power and faster than the original 7400 family.74 indicates a logic familyThe 00 indicates logic function, and it was a quadruple (four per package) 2-input NAND gate.Is ‘74HC00’ and ‘74LS00’ the SameLS are Low power Shottky variants. They still use a 5V supply, and have the same thresholds for logic 0 and logic 1, but they draw less current from the supply and are usually faster.HC and HCT are CMOS variants, which again use less power. The H stood for High Speed, and they could be used intermixed with 4000 series CMOS, which has different definitions of a 0 and a 1. They can both be used down to 3.3V supply.The T of HCT says that the logic 1 and logic 0 thresholds are compatible with standard TTL when used with a 5V supply. You can use them as a low dissipation alternative74LS00 ManufacturerTexas Instruments Inc. (TI) is an American technology company that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globally. Its headquarters are in Dallas, Texas, United States. TI is one of the top ten semiconductor companies worldwide, based on sales volume. Texas Instruments's focus is on developing analog chips and embedded processors, which accounts for more than 80% of their revenue. TI also produces TI digital light processing (DLP) technology and education technology products including calculators, microcontrollers and multi-core processors. To date, TI has more than 43,000 patents worldwide.Component Datasheet74LS00 DatasheetFAQWhat is 74LS00?74LS00 is a member of 74XXYY IC series. The 74xxyy ICs are logic gates of digital electronics. 74LS00 IC has four NAND gates. Also each gate has two inputs.What is NAND logic gate?In digital electronics, a NAND gate (NOT-AND) is a logic gate which produces an output which is false only if all its inputs are true; thus its output is complement to that of an AND gate. A LOW (0) output results only if all the inputs to the gate are HIGH (1); if any input is LOW (0), a HIGH (1) output results.Why logic gates are used?Computers need a way to manipulate those 1s and 0s, so that they can eventually do more complicated operations like calculating the 50th digit of π. Computers use logic gates to transform the 1s and 0s from input wires. A logic gate accepts inputs and then outputs a result based on their state.Why does IC start with 74?Two digits, where "74" denotes a commercial temperature range device and "54" denotes a military temperature range.How many gates are there in the 74LS00?Four