The Kynix Components

CR1632 is Lithium Coin Battery.CR1632 is a lithium coin cell battery that is commonly used in portable electronics gadgets that consume low power, such as watches, toys, RFID readers, etc.This blog provides you with a basic overview of the CR1632 Battery including its functions and specifications, equivalent products, etc., to help you quickly understand what  CR1632 is.We will be glad to find that this blog can be useful for people loving electronic components :)There's a Video Introducing 7 Best CR1632 Batteries in 2020CatalogCR1632 Terminal DescriptionCR1632 SpecificationsCR1632 EquivalentOther Lithium Coin CellsHow to Calculate Run Time of CR1632Internal Resistance CharacteristicsCR1632 ApplicationCR1632 PackageComponent DatasheetFAQCR1632 Terminal DescriptionPin NumberPin NameDescription1Positive TerminalThe upper side where the markings are found is the positive terminal.2Negative TerminalThe lower side of the battery is the negative terminal.Note: These batteries can only be used through a cell holder, it is not recommended to solder or tamper the battery.CR1632 SpecificationsNon-Rechargeable Lithium coin cell BatteryNominal Voltage: 3VBattery Capacity: 130mAhContinuous drain current: 0.19mAPeak drain current: 6.8mAWeight: 1.8 gramsCR1632 EquivalentDL1632, ECR1632Other Lithium Coin CellsCR2032, CR2025Other Lithium Coin CellsThe CR1632 battery is very similar to CR2032 or CR2025 but is not interchangeable due to its size. The name of the CR1632 indicates that the battery is 16mm wide and 3.2mm thick. It is rated at 3V and 130mAh capacity.How to Calculate Run Time of CR1632The battery life depends on many parameters, such as operating temperature, discharge current, dynamic loads, etc. But let us assume, for simplicity's sake, that we are powering a normal load of about 15K ohms at 20°C. Then, in that case, the capacity of our battery is 130mAh. This means that if we draw 130mA, then our battery will last for 1 hour and, similarly, if we draw 65mA, the battery will last for 2 hours. But these batteries are rated for a small output current, so if our load consumes only about 0.19mA then the battery should last for (130/0.19) 684 hours. However, due to the varying current and operating temperature of the system, this figure will not be accurate. The CR1632 data sheet also provides a neat graph that can be understood in the same way.Internal Resistance CharacteristicsAnother important parameter to consider when deciding on your battery is the internal resistance of the battery. Unfortunately, any battery will have some internal resistance associated with it, which will prevent you from drawing the full current from the battery. The lower the IR (Internal Resistance) the more current you will draw from it and the higher the performance of the battery, the higher the IR of the battery as it ages or due to its operating environment.When conducting Pulse Test at 25°C, the continuous outflow at 15k ohms is 0.19mA @ 2.9V. And the pulse drain is 6.8mA @ 2.7V per 2 seconds *12 times/delay at 400 ohms.CR1632 ApplicationSmall PDA devicesWireless doorbell for houseElectronic ToysPotable electronicsDigital thermometersDigital altimeterCyclocomputersHeart rate monitorsCR1632 PackageThat’s all for our introduction to the CR1632 Lithium Coin Battery. If you find this blog useful, please bookmark our website Apogeeweb, we will provide you with electronic component blogs, industry news, tools, etc. that you are interested in. Stay tuned for our next blog…Component DatasheetCR1632 DatadsheetFAQWhat Battery is Equivalent to CR1632?CR1632 Battery Equivalents are as follows: BR1632, BR 1632, BR1612-1W, CR1632, CR 1632, DL1632, DL1612B, ECR1632, E-CR1632, KCR1632, KECR1632, KL1632, L1632, LITH34, LITH-34 Good for Car remotes, Watches, Cameras, Calculators, Car Security Alarm, Organizers, Glucometer, Computer Equipment and other ...Can I Use CR2016 Instead of CR1632?No, it probably won't physically fit in the battery socket. This is because a CR2016 is wider than a CR1620. (The CR2016 is also thinner too.)What Are 1632 Batteries Used For?The CR1632 batteries are often used in car key remotes, watches, toys and other electronic appliances. The Panasonic Lithium coin batteries provide long-lasting reliable power.Are 1620 And 1632 Batteries the Same?No. 1632 battery is differ from 1620 it are similar alike it as the same volt and look the same. Depending on what you using the battery for it wouldn't be no harm if you replace a Cr1632 with a Cr1620 you will just have less usage out of the Cr1620 than Cr1632 that all.What is the Best CR1632 Battery?Panasonic CR1632 Multi Purpose including Remote Control for Cars 3 Volt Lithium Coin Battery-pack of 5. ...SONY CR1632 3 Volt Lithium Coin Battery 10 Pack (2 packs of 5) ...LiCB 10 Pack CR1632 3V Lithium Battery CR 1632.Is DL1632 Same as CR1632?Example of a Duracell battery will be DL1632 but it will be the same as CR1632 they both are lithium battery and most time those battery are us in your key remote such as a Lexus, Toyota. As long it a lithium battery that shape like the size of of a dime than it will be the same battery.Are CR2430 and CR2032 Interchangeable?​CR2430 coin cell batteries are known for being slightly wider than their CR2025 and CR2032 counterparts. ... Security sensors that use coin batteries like the CR2430 are usually small and unobtrusive. But since the CR2430 batteries are wider, they cannot be used interchangeably with CR2025 and CR2032 batteries.Are CR2016 and CR2032 Interchangeable?Originally Answered: Can CR2016, CR2025, CR2032 "coin batteries" be used interchangably? electrically speaking they have the same voltage so they will drive a circuit the same. However they are different physical sizes so they are not physically interchangeable.Will a 1632 Battery Work on 1616?Putting the thicker battery into aholder designed for the smaller one may damage the holder and makeit incapable of being used for the proper sized battery. The CR1616 is rated for 50 mA.

BC337 is NPN Amplifier Transistor.Primarily, the BC337 used for lower power audio applications. It belongs to the NPN family of transistors and has a maximum gain of 630. The continuous collector current of 800mA indicates that it can drive loads up to 800mA.This post will introduce you the basic information of BC337 Transistor. You will learn some common descriptions, including:BC337 Transistor PinoutBC337 Transistor FeaturesComplementary PNP TransistorsBC337 Transistor EquivalentSMD EquivalentBC337 Transistor DescriptionBC337 Transistor ApplicationBC337 Transistor PackageComponent DatasheetBC337 Transistor PinoutPin NumberPin NameDescription1CollectorCurrent flows in through collector, normally connected to load2BaseControls the biasing of transistor, Used to turn ON or OFF the transistor3EmitterCurrent Drains out through emitter, normally connected to groundBC337 Transistor FeaturesGeneral Purpose NPN Amplifier TransistorCurrent Gain (hFE), 100 to 630Continuous Collector current (IC) is 800mACollector-Emitter voltage (VCEO) is 45 VCollector-Base voltage (VCB0) is 50VEmitter Base Voltage (VBE0) is 5VTransition Frequency 100MHzAvailable in To-92 PackageNote: You can find complete technical details in the BC337 data sheet at the end of this page.Complementary PNP TransistorsBC327BC337 Transistor Equivalent2N222, 2N4404, 2N3904SMD Equivalent2SC3913, 2SC3912BC337 Transistor DescriptionBC337 NPN TransistorThe BC337 is an NPN transistor commonly used in low-power amplifier circuits. A maximum gain (hfe) of 630 can be provided by the Transistor. The BC337 has three part names, the BC337-16 gain value is 100 to 250, the BC337-25 is 160 to 400 and the BC337-40 is 250 to 630. Other parameters are similar for all three part numbers, apart from the gain value.The transistor also has a high collector current of up to 800mA and a decent collector emitter voltage of 45V and a base trigger voltage of only 5V. This makes the transistor suitable for general purpose switching circuits. Due to its low base trigger voltage, digital circuits such as microcontroller circuits can be easily controlled. So, if you're looking for an audio amplifier transistor, you might consider the BC337. Also, look at the more commonly used 2N2222 Transistor if you're looking for a BC337 replacement to switch loads.BC337 Transistor Application BC337 Application: Mini Powerful Audio Amplifier using BC337 and BC327Low power audio amplifiersSmall signal amplifiersAudio frequency DriverAmplifier Output StageGeneral purpose switchingBC337 Transistor PackageIf you are designing a PCD or Perf board with this component, the following image from the Datasheet will be useful to know its package type and dimensions.3-Lead, TO-92, JEDEC TO-92 Compliant Straight Lead Configuration, Bulk Type3-Lead, TO-92, Molded, 0.2 In Line Spacing Lead Form, Ammo, Tape and Reel TypeComponent DatasheetBC337 Datasheet

MLX90614 is a Contactless Infrared (IR) Digital Temperature Sensor that can be used to measure the temperature of a specific object ranging from-70°C to 382.2°C. The sensor uses IR rays to measure the temperature of the object without any physical contact and communicates with the microcontroller using the I2C protocol.Using Melexis MLX90614 Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer with ArduinoCatalogMLX90614 General DescriptionMLX90614 PinoutMLX90614 Block DiagramMLX90614 SpecificationsMLX90614 FeaturesMLX90614 AlternativesWhere to Use MLX90614 Temperature SensorMLX90614 Working PrincipleHow to Use MLX90614 Temperature SensorMLX90614 ApplicationsMLX90614 PackageComponent DatasheetFAQMLX90614 General DescriptionThe MLX90614 is built from 2 chips developed and manufactured by Melexis:The Infra Red thermopile detector MLX81101.The signal conditioning ASSP MLX90302, specially designed to process the output of IR sensor.The device is available in an industry standard TO-39 package.Thanks to the low noise amplifier, high resolution 17-bit ADC and powerful DSP unit of MLX90302 high accuracy and resolution of the thermometer is achieved. The calculated object and ambient temperatures are available in RAM of MLX90302 with resolution of 0.01˚C. They are accessible by 2 wire serial SMBus compatible protocol (0.02°C resolution) or via 10-bit PWM (Pulse Width Modulated) output of the device. The MLX90614 is factory calibrated in wide temperature ranges: -40 to 125 ˚C for the ambient temperature and -70 to 382.2 ˚C for the object temperature. The 10-bit PWM is as a standard configured to transmit continuously the measured object temperature for an object temperature range of -20 to 120 ˚C with an output resolution of 0.14 ˚C. The PWM can be easily customized for virtually any range desired by customer by changing the content of 2 EEPROM cells. This has no effect on the factory calibration of the device.MLX90614 Pinout Pin NameFunctionVSSGround. The metal can is also connected to this pinSCL/VzSerial clock input for 2 wire communications protocol. 5.7V zeneris available at this pin for connection of external bipolar transistorto MLX90614A to supply the device from external 8 -16V source.PWM/SDADigital input / output. In normal mode the measured objecttemperature is available at this pin Pulse Width Modulated.VDDExternal supply voltage.MLX90614 Block DiagramMLX90614 Block DiagramMLX90614 SpecificationsOperating Voltage: 3.6V to 5V (available in 3V and 5V version)Supply Current: 1.5mAObject Temperature Range: -70° C to 382.2°CAmbient Temperature Range: -40° C to 125°CAccuracy: 0.02°CField of View: 80°Distance between object and sensor: 2cm-5cm (approx.)MLX90614 FeaturesSmall size, low costEasy to integrateFactory calibrated in wide temperature range: -40 to 125 ˚C for sensor temperature and -70 to 380 ˚C for object temperatureHigh accuracy of 0.5°C over wide temperature range (0..+50°C for both Ta and ToHigh (medical) accuracy calibration optionalMeasurement resolution of 0.02°CSingle and dual zone versionsSMBus compatible digital interfaceCustomizable PWM output for continuous readingAvailable in 3V and 5V versionsSimple adaptation for 8 to 16V applicationsPower saving modeDifferent package options for applications and measurements versatility Automotive gradeMLX90614 AlternativesAlternative for MLX90614: MLX90615, ZTP115, TPIS 1SAlternate Ambient Temperature Sensors: DHT11, DHT22, PT100, TMP36, DS18B20Where to Use MLX90614 Temperature SensorThe key feature of the MLX90614 is that it is a high-precision, contactless IR temperature sensor. It can therefore be used in industries to measure the temperature of moving objects, such as a rotating motor shaft. Due to its high accuracy and precision, it is also used in a wide range of commercial, health and household applications such as room temperature monitoring, body temperature measurement, etc.MLX90614 Working PrincipleAs mentioned above, the MLX90614 sensor can measure the temperature of an object without any physical contact with it. This is made possible by a law called the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, which states that all objects and living beings emit IR Energy and that the intensity of that emitted IR energy is directly proportional to the temperature of that object or living being. The MLX90614 sensor therefore calculates the temperature of the object by measuring the amount of IR energy emitted from it.How to Use MLX90614 Temperature SensorThe temperature sensor MLX90614 is manufactured by a company called Melexis. The sensor is factory calibrated and therefore acts as a plug and play sensor module to speed up the development process. The MLX90614 consists of two devices integrated as a single sensor, one of which acts as a sensing unit and the other as a processing unit. The sensing unit and the Infrared Thermopile Detector called MLX81101 which senses the temperature and the processing unit is a single conditioning ASSP called MLX90302 which converts the signal from the sensor to the digital value and communicates using the I2C protocol. The MLX90302 has a low-noise amplifier, 17-bit ADC and a powerful DSP that helps the sensor achieve high accuracy and resolution.The sensor does not require any external components and can be directly interfaced with a microcontroller such as Arduino. As you can see above the power pins (Vdd and Gnd) can be used directly to power the sensor, typically 5V can be used, but there are other versions of this sensor that can operate on 3.3V and 7V as well. The C1 capacitor is optional and is used to filter noise and provide optimum EMC capability. Signal pins (SCL and SDA) for use in I2C communication and can be connected directly to a 5V logic microcontroller. The sensor is also sold as a module, as you can see in the image pinout. But the sensor module is very similar to the sensor itself and has no additional components other than the sensor itself.MLX90614 ApplicationsHigh precision non-contact temperature measurementsThermal Comfort sensor for Mobile Air Conditioning control systemTemperature sensing element for residential, commercial and industrial building air conditioningWindshield defoggingAutomotive blind angle detectionIndustrial temperature control of moving partsTemperature control in printers and copiersHome appliances with temperature controlHealthcareLivestock monitoringMovement detectionMultiple zone temperature control – up to 100 sensors can be read via common 2 wiresThermal relay/alertBody temperature measurementMLX90614 PackageComponent DatasheetMLX90614 DatasheetFAQWhat is mlx90614?The MLX90614 is an infrared thermometer for non-contact temperature measurements. ... As a standard, the 10-bit PWM is configured to continuously transmit the measured temperature in range of -20 to 120°C, with an output resolution of 0.14°C.How do I use mlx90614?Arduino Wiring.Connect GND to common power/data ground.Connect PWR to the power supply, for the 3V sensor this is about 3.3V. For the 5V version, use about 5VDC.Connect the SDA pin to the I2C data SDA pin on your Arduino. ...Connect the SCL pin to the I2C clock SCL pin on your Arduino.How do IR temperature sensors work?These sensors work by focusing the infrared energy emitted by an object onto one or more photodetectors. ... Because the emitted infrared energy of any object is proportional to its temperature, the electrical signal provides an accurate reading of the temperature of the object that it is pointed at.How do I make a contactless temperature sensor?To make your IR thermometer, you will need:MLX90614 IR contactless thermometer.Arduino UNO board.2 x Resistors by 4.7 k.1 x Capacitor by 0.1 uF(100 nF)A breadboard and 9 jumpers. 

A CR2025 battery is a lithium coin or “button” cell that is 20mm diameter x 2.5mm thickness. The CR2032 battery has a high voltage of 3V, a capacity of upto 170mAh, and is also disposable/non-rechargeable.This video shows how to test your coin battery to know if it's bad or not.CatalogCR2025 General DescriptionCR2025 FeaturesCR2025 SpecificationsCR2025 EquivalentsCR2025 vs CR2032How to Calculate the run time of CR2025How to Use CR2025 Coin BatteryCR2025 ApplicationsCR2025 Populartiy by RegionCR2025 DimensionsComponent DatasheetFAQCR2025 General DescriptionCR2025 is a coin cell battery. Coin cell batteries like CR2025 have many uses, they are usually used for small portable electronics devices such as: wrist watchespocket calculatorsautomobile key less entry transmitter hearing aidsThey are generally of a compact size, 5-25mm in diameter and 1-6mm in height. The name defines the size of the battery as for CR2025, the first two digits are for the diameter and the second for the height or thickness of tenths of mm. Therefore, 20mm is the diameter of CR2025, and 2.5mm is the thickness. Lithium button or coin cell batteries are a bit expensive than alkaline, but last longer, weigh less and have a wide operating temperature range.CR2025 FeaturesLightweight, High Voltage and High Energy DensityExcellent Discharge CharacteristicsExcellent Leakage ResistanceExcellent Long-Term ReliabilityUL Approved PartsRoHS Directive / European DirectivesCR2025 SpecificationsBattery typeCoin Manganese Dioxide Lithium BatteriesNominal Voltage3.0VNominal Capacity160mAhStandard Discharge Current0.2mAOperating Temperature Range-30℃ to 70℃Diameter (inch)0.787inchDiameter (mm)20mmHeight (inch)0.098inchHeight (mm)2.5mmIEC (JIS)CR2025Mass (oz)0.0917ozMass (g)2.6gCR2025 EquivalentsEquivalent for CR2025 Battery: DL2025, BR2025Other Coin Cell Batteries: CR2032, CR2016, CR1220CR2025 vs CR2032The CR2025 and CR2032 are both 3V button cells, have identical diameters, but the 2032 is 3.2mm thick while the 2025 is 2.5mm thick. With just 0.7mm of difference, for as long as either fits in the battery compartment, they can be used interchangeably with minimal effect. Do note that the 2025, being the thinner of the two, will have slightly less storage reserve and will typically not last as long as a 2032.How to Calculate the run time of CR2025The CR2025 is a commonly used battery for portable electronic applications. The battery life depends on many parameters, such as operating temperature, discharge current, dynamic loads, etc. But let us assume, for the sake of simplicity, that we are powering a normal load that consumes a constant current of 20mA at 20°C. Then, in that case, the capacity of our battery is 163mAh. This means that if we draw 163mA, then our battery will last for 1 hour and, similarly, if we draw 81.5mA, the battery will last for 2 hours. So for our application that consumes only 20mA, the battery should last for 163/20) 8.15 hours. However, due to the varying current and operating temperature of the system, this figure will not be accurate.How to Use CR2025 Coin BatteryAs per the circuit diagram below, you can use the CR2025 battery to power a 3V DC motor. These batteries are also used in many modules, such as the RTC module. The output voltage is 3V so that you can also power your 3V devices, modules, electronic devices.CR2025 Application CircuitCR2025 ApplicationsAutomotive:Smart Key/Keyless entry /Door sill stripIoT: Tracking devices/Sensors/SecurityMedical: ThermometersOthers: Home electrical appliances/Multi- functional printer/Electronic price tags, POS systemsCR2025 Populartiy by RegionCR2025 DimensionsComponent DatasheetCR2025 Coin Battery DatasheetFAQWhat does CR stand for in batteries?CR is the generic designation that is used by the entire batteries maker but lithium batteries are also having chromium. All the batteries who have this chemical substance in their batteries they can use this abbreviation CR. On the other DL is the short abbreviation of the battery making company Duracell.Is 2025 battery same as 2032?2032 and 2025 are literally the dimensions of the battery. A 2032 is 20mm in diameter, 3.2mm thick, and a 2025 is slightly thinner, at 2.5mm thick. They usually both have the same voltage (3V), and assuming they fit in the case, they are interchangeable.What battery is equivalent to CR2025?Although there are no exact equivalent batteries to the CR2025, there are multiple batteries that may act as suitable substitutions. The CR2016 and CR2032 are exchangeable with the CR2025, but users must consider space limitations. The CR2016, CR2025, and CR2032 cell batteries all have the same voltage.How long does a cr2025 battery last?About 4 to 6 months. The 3 Volt CR2025 coin cell battery lasts about 4 to 6 months with normal use. We recommend using the same brand (or one with equivalent quality), which should give you the estimated battery life.Can I use cr2025 instead of cr1616?Technically they are cross-compatible if a CR2032 can fit into the spot for a CR1616, though this is very unlikely.How do I know if my lithium ion battery is bad?Without an analyzer, or running runtime test etc, the easiest way to tell that a Li-Ion cell is nearing it's EOL, is that it will not hold a charge well, will not perform as well as it used to, and will get noticeably warmer when charging. 

NE556 is a dual timer IC.  It is a dual version of the 555 timer IC, which is used for creating time delays or oscillations. The two timers inside this chip share the common ground and power supply but operate independently. It can operate in the astable or the monostable mode by only two external components.In this video, you'll learn how Ne556 works in a circuit.CatalogNE556 OverviewNE556 PinoutNE556 FeaturesNE556 Absolute Maximum RatingsNE556 AlternativesNE555 VS NE556NE556 Dual Timing CircuitWhere to Use NE556 ICHow to Use NE556 ICNE556 ApplicationsNE556 PackageComponent DatasheetFAQNE556 OverviewNE556 is basically a high-speed monolithic device or aimer IC . It's the dual version of NE 555.  It's got two built-in internal timers. These timers work without depending on each other, even for a single task. These timers share a common voltage and a ground terminal.  NE556 can be operated in two modes, i.e. in astable mode as well as in a monostable mode. In addition, NE556 timer IC has many applications including pulse generator, missing pulse detector, industrial control, timer applications, etc.NE556 PinoutNE556 Timer ICNE556 Timer IC Pinout Pin NumberPin NameDescription1,13DischargeOpen collector output which discharges a capacitor between intervals (in phase with output). 7 I It toggles the output from high to low when voltage reaches 2/3 of the supply voltage2,12ThresholdCompares the voltage applied to the terminal with a reference voltage of 2/3 Vcc. The 6 I amplitude of voltage applied to this terminal is responsible for the set state of the flip-flop3,11Control VoltageControls the threshold and trigger levels. It determines the pulse width of the output 5 Voltage I waveform. An external voltage applied to this pin can also be used to modulate the output waveform4,10ResetNegative pulse applied to this pin to disable or reset the timer. When not used for reset 4 I purposes, it should be connected to VCC to avoid false triggering5,9OutThis pin is normally connected to load as it is the only pin with output driven waveform6,8TriggerResponsible for transition of the flip-flop from set to reset. The output of the timer depends 2 I on the amplitude of the external trigger pulse applied to this pin7GroundGround Reference Voltage 0V14VccSupply Voltage (Typical = 5V, Maximum = 18V)NE556 FeaturesTwo precision Timers in one single packageTypical operating voltage is +5V, can withstand a maximum of +18V.The source/sink current of the output pin is 150mAMinimum Threshold voltage is 2.4 @ Vcc=5VOperating Temperature is 70 degree Celsius.Available in 14-pin PDIP, SOIC, and VSSOP packagesNE556 Absolute Maximum RatingsNE556 AlternativesLM556CD40474048CD4538NE555 VS NE556The NE556 is the successor to the classic 555 Timer IC. It has two Timers inside a single package. This reduces the design factor and the complexity of the system. Functionality and pin description both 555 and 556 are identical.NE556 Dual Timing CircuitThe NE556 dual monolithic timing circuit is a highly stable controller which capable of producing accurate time delays or oscillation. In the time delay mode of operation, the time is precisely controlled by a single external resistor and capacitor. For stable operation as an oscillator, the free running frequency and the duty cycle are both precisely controlled with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and reset on falling waveforms, and the output structure can source or sink up to 200 mA.NE556 Circuit DiagramWhere to Use NE556 ICThe NE556 IC is the dual version of the NE555 IC, meaning that the NE556 has two timers inside it. As we know, 555 ICs have been used for a long time now because of their reliable properties and applications. In addition, the NE556 can be used for all of these applications, since it works with CMOS technology, we can have two timers inside a single package with improved characteristics. So if you're looking for a modern 555 Timer IC replacement, then NE556 might be the right choice for you.How to Use NE556 ICBoth NE555 and NE556 are one and the same, so if you want to know the basics of Timer IC, read through the NE555 page. Since the NE556 is a 14-pin dual timer package, there are two sets of all timer pins (Threshold, Out, Trigger, Control Voltage, Discharge) and both timers share the same Vcc and ground pins. Timer ICs are the most commonly used ICs for timing and Pulse generation applications. Due to their different operating modes, they can adopt themselves in different applications. They are very simple to understand if we look at the components inside, as shown below.NE556 Inside Components There are three 5K resistors, which give this IC the iconic name "555 Timer." It has dual comparators and flip-flops that make this IC run in three different modes such as Astable, Monostable and Bistable(Schimitt) mode.NE556 ApplicationsTime Delay GenerationPulse Width ModulationPulse generationPrecision TimingSequential Timing circuitsNE556 PackageComponent DatasheetNE556 Timer IC DatasheetFAQWhat is NE556 timer?Since the NE556 is a 14-pin dual timer package there are two sets of all the timer pins (Threshold, Out, Trigger, Control Voltage, Discharge) and both the timer share the same Vcc and ground pins. Timer IC’s are the most commonly used ICs for timing and Pulse generation applications.Is NE555 and NE556 the same?Application wise both NE555 and NE556 are one and the same, so if you want to know the basic of the Timer IC then read through the NE555 page. Since the NE556 is a 14-pin dual timer package there are two sets of all the timer pins (Threshold, Out, Trigger, Control Voltage, Discharge) and both the timer share the same Vcc and ground pins.What is the operating voltage of ne556?Typical operating voltage is +5V, can withstand a maximum of +18V. Operating Temperature is 70 degree Celsius. Note: The above values are mentioned for PDIP package, Complete Technical Details can be found at the NE556 datasheet given at the end of this page. The NE556 IC is the dual version of NE555 IC, meaning the NE556 has two timers inside it.What are the features of a ne556?These features may include active pull down, active pull up, two precise timing circuits in a single package, a-stable or mono-stable operation etc. Moreover, NE-556 can be used in application timers, pulse position modulators, pulse generator, missing pulse detectors, industrial control etc. 

The UTC 2SC945 is an audio frequency amplifier high frequency OSC NPN Transistor. In today's tutorial, you will learn the pinout, features, equivalents, datasheets and many other information about 2SC945.This video shows how to make 4 useful electronic projects with 2SC945.Catalog2SC945 Overview2SC945 Pinout2SC945 Features2SC945 Absolute Maximum Ratings2SC945 Marking2SC945 Alternatives2SC945 Replacement & Equivalent2SC945 Applications2SC945 PackageComponent Datasheet2SC945 OverviewThe C945 is an old Japanese bipolar audio frequency NPN transistor. It has a decent gain value (hfe) of a maximum of 700 and is highly linear. It has been widely used in amplifier applications for pre-amplification purposes, in high-frequency circuits.  It is also used as oscillators with its complementary A733 PNP transistor. When used as a switch, it can be easily controlled by an MCU/MPU since it has a base voltage of only 5V. It can switch loads up to 50V but has a very low collector current rating of only 150mA, so this transistor is not a good choice to use as a switch. 2N2222 will be a better alternative for switching applications. However, this transistor is out of date and will not be readily available if you are in Asian or European countries. In that case, you can try the 2N3904 ON semiconductor transistor. Note: The C945 is a Japanese NPN transistor, so the pin out will be in Emitter, Collector, Base order. But the order for European transistors like BC546 will be like Emitter, Base and Collector. Usually during such replacements heat shrink tubes are used to cross over the Base and Collector pins without contacting them.2SC945 Pinout Pin NumberPin NameDescription1EmitterCurrent Drains out through emitter, normally connected to ground2CollectorCurrent flows in through collector, normally connected to load3BaseControls the biasing of transistor, Used to turn ON or OFF the transistor2SC945 FeaturesType - NPNCollector-Emitter Voltage: 50 VCollector-Base Voltage: 60 VEmitter-Base Voltage: 5 VCollector Current: 0.1 ACollector Dissipation - 0.25 WDC Current Gain (hfe) - 90 to 600Transition Frequency - 150 MHzNoise Figure - 0.8 dBOperating and Storage Junction Temperature Range -55 to +150 °CPackage - TO-922SC945 Absolute Maximum Ratings2SC945 MarkingSometimes the "2S" prefix is not marked on the package - the 2SC945 transistor might be marked "C945".2SC945 Marking Diagram2SC945 AlternativesAlternatives for 2SC945: BC546, 2SC1815, KSC945C2SC945 Replacement & EquivalentYou can replace the 2SC945 with the 2SC1815, 2SC2458, 2SC3198, 2SC3199, 2SC3916, 2SC3917, 2SC3918, 2SC3919, 2SC3920, 2SC3921, 2SC3922, 2SC3923, BC182LB, C1815, C945, H945, KSC1815, KSC945C, KTC3198 or KTC31992SC945 ApplicationsLow current switchesPre-amplifiersH-bridge circuits for low power motorsAudio frequency amplifier circuitsOscillator circuits2SC945 PackageComponent Datasheet2SC945 Datasheet