The Kynix Components

Product OverviewThe LSK389 is the industry’s lowest noise Dual NChannel JFET, 100% tested, guaranteed to meet 1/f and broadband noise specifications, while eliminating burst (RTN or popcorn) noise entirely. The LSK389 Series, Monolithic Dual N-Channel JFETs were specifically designed to provide users a better performing, less time consuming and cheaper solution for obtaining tighter IDSS matching, and better thermal tracking, than matching individual JFETs. This blog will introduce LSK389 systematically from its features, pinout to its specifications, applications, also including LSK389 datasheet and so much more. CatalogProduct OverviewLSK389 FeaturesLSK389 PinoutLSK389 BenefitsLSK389 ApplicationsLSK389 Typical CharacteristicsLSK389 Package DimensionsLSK389A SpecificationLSK389 vs LSK489LSK389 ManufacturerLSK389 Application Note and DatasheetUsing WarningsLSK389 FAQ LSK389 FeaturesUltra Low Noise: en = 1.3nV/√Hz(typ), f = 1.0kHz and NBW = 1.0HzUltra Low Noise: 1.5nV/√Hz (typ),f = 10Hz and NBW = 1.0HzTight Matching:IVGS1-2I = 15mV maxHigh Breakdown Voltage:BVGSS = 40V maxHigh Gain: Gfs = 20mS (typ)Low Capacitance: 25pF (typ)Improved Second SourceReplacement for 2SK389 LSK389 PinoutThe following figure is the diagram of LSK389 pinout. LSK389 Pinout1 LSK389 Pinout2 LSK389 BenefitsImproved System Noise PerformanceUnique Monolithic Dual DesignConstruction of Interleaving BothJFETs on the Same Piece of SiliconExcellent Matching and ThermalTrackingGreat for Maximizing BatteryOperated Applications by Providing aWide Output SwingA High Signal to Noise Ratio as aResult of the LSK389's Low andTightly Matched Gate Threshold Voltages LSK389 ApplicationsAudio Amplifiers and PreampsDiscrete Low-Noise OperationalAmplifiersBattery-Operated Audio PreampsAudio Mixer ConsolesAcoustic SensorsSonic ImagingInstrumentation AmplifiersMicrophonesSonobouysHydrophonesChemical and Radiation Detectors LSK389 Typical CharacteristicsThe following figures are typical characteristics LSK389A/B/C/D. LSK389A LSK389B LSK389C LSK389D LSK389 Package DimensionsThe following figure is LSK389 package dimensions. LSK389 Package Dimensions LSK389A SpecificationTYPEDESCRIPTIONCategoryTransistors - JFETsMfrLinear Integrated Systems, Inc.SeriesLSK389PackageBulkPart StatusActiveFET Type2 N-Channel (Dual)Voltage - Breakdown (V(BR)GSS)40 VInput Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds25pF @ 10VPower - Max400 mWOperating Temperature-55C ~ 150C (TJ)Mounting TypeThrough HolePackage / CaseTO-71-6 Metal CanSupplier Device PackageTO-71 LSK389 vs LSK489The LSK389 is the lead part of Linear Systems’ family of low-noise JFETs. The LSK170 is the N-channel single version of the LSK389, and the LSJ74 is the P-channel counterpart to the LSK170. The N-channel dual LSK489 has slightly higher noise but lower input capacitance than the LSK389, and the LSJ689 is its P-channel dual counterpart. In addition to the LSK-series, all Linear Systems’ JFET standard products have substantially lower noise than those made by other manufacturers and are marketed under the Improved Standard Products trademark. LSK389 ManufacturerLinear Systems is a full-service, privately-held, 32-year-old designer and manufacturer of small-signal discrete semiconductors. The Fremont, CA-based company was founded by John H. Hall, co-founder of Intersil and founder of Micro Power Systems. Linear Systems specializes in the development and manufacture of precision, ultra-low noise small-signal discrete components. LSK389 Application Note and DatasheetYou can download PDF for LSK389–Application Note&Datasheet from the link given below:LSK389 Application NoteLSK389 Datasheet Using WarningsNote: Please check their parameters and pin configuration before replacing them in your circuit. LSK389 FAQWhat kind of JFET is linear systems LSK389?The LSK389 is the lead part of Linear Systems’ family of low-noise JFETs. The LSK170 is the N-channel single version of the LSK389, and the LSJ74 is the P-channel counterpart to the LSK170. What are the noise specifications for linear systems LSK389?New test capability screens to a billionth of a ​volt (​nV​/√Hz) of noise now ensures that all LSK389s devices produce no burst (RTN or popcorn) noise and ​meet or exceed 1/f and broadband noise specifications. What is N channel JFET?A schematic representation of an n channel JFET is shown in Figure 118. An n-type channel is formed between two p-type layers which are connected to the gate. Majority carrier electrons flow from the source and exit the drain, forming the drain current. What is the current direction of P-channel JFET?The current flows out of the drain terminal, yielding a negative current with respect to conventional current direction (drain to source was defined as the positive direction). The threshold voltage of a p-channel JFET is positive and the channel is depleted when vGS > VP. What is the working principle of JFET?JFET is a voltage-controlled device as it is controlled by use of a reverse bias voltage to the gate terminal. The channel gets drained and the electric current becomes switched off. A Junction Field Effect Transistor is usually said to be on when there is no voltage between the gate and the source pin. What is the LSK389?The LSK389 is the industry's lowest noise Dual N-. Channel JFET. What is the N-channel single version of the LSK389?LSK170

IntroductionIn recent years, with the continuous development of new technologies, storage batteries as a power source not only play an important role in transportation (railroad, subway, ship), power generation, communications, aerospace, chemical, traditional automobiles, and other industries. In addition, batteries have also begun to be used in the fields of electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) as power sources or power auxiliary power sources.  Do you know what are 2 features of batteries compared with disposable rechargeable batteries? That is multiple recycling and high efficiency and energy saving. When the car is not started, it must rely on the battery to supply power to the starter until it drives the engine to rotate. When the battery voltage is insufficient or the battery is damaged, it is difficult to provide sufficient power, thus causing the engine to fail to run. Therefore, this blog proposes the design of a low-battery alarm system for car batteries based on LM741. In general, when the battery voltage drops to a certain limit, it will send out a reminder. The principle of the reminder is that the circuit judges whether the battery is working normally by installing a sound and light signal alarm system. In this way, we can recharge our car or replace the battery in time.CatalogIntroductionCatalogI Description of LM741II Design of the SystemIII Circuit Design3.1 System Hardware Circuit Design3.2 Reference Power Supply Circuit3.3 Sampling Circuit3.4 Output Circuit3.5 Alarm Principle3.6 Wiring Diagram of the SystemIV Test Results of the SystemFAQOrdering & QuantityI Description of LM741The LM741 series are general-purpose operational amplifiers. It is intended for a wide range of analogue applications. The high gain and wide range of operating voltage provide superior performance in integrator, summing amplifier, and general feedback applications.LM741 has both inverting inputs and non-inverting inputs. When the voltage of the non-inverting input (+) is higher than the voltage of the inverting input (-), the output of the comparator is high. If the voltage at the inverting input (-) is higher than the non-inverting terminal (+), the output is low. The output of the operational amplifier is the product of gain and input voltage.II Design of the SystemThe low battery alarm system is mainly composed of a reference power supply circuit, a sampling circuit, a voltage comparator circuit, and output circuit. The reference power supply circuit consists of a voltage regulator and a current limiting resistor, which is added to the inverting input of the voltage comparator and provides a reference voltage for it. The sampling circuit is composed of two resistors in series to form a series voltage divider, which is used as the input signal of the whole circuit, and a part of the battery voltage is compared with the reference voltage. The voltage comparator circuit judges whether the output is high level or low level by comparing the voltage of the reference power supply circuit and the voltage of the sampling circuit. The output circuit judges whether the light-emitting diode is in the conducting state by the received output voltage from the voltage comparator, thereby giving an alarm signal to indicate the battery power is too low.Figure 1. Structure of the SystemIII Circuit Design3.1 System Hardware Circuit DesignThe hardware circuit of the low battery alarm system is shown in Figure 2. The system mainly includes voltage comparator LM741, resistor, voltage regulator, and LED.Figure 2. Hardware Circuit3.2 Reference Power Supply CircuitThe reference power supply circuit consists of current limiting resistor R2 and voltage regulator VDZ. This system takes the stable voltage of the regulator as the reference voltage of the comparator LM741, and connects it to the inverting input of the LM741. R2 = 100k Ω. The stable voltage is 5V.3.3 Sampling CircuitR1 and R3 are connected in series to form a sampling circuit, which is connected to the in-phase input terminal of LM741. The resistance values of R1 and R3 are equal, taking 100k Ω to form a series partial voltage. The intermediate point is the sampling voltage, that is, taking part of the battery voltage as the detection voltage, i.e. the input voltage.3.4 Output CircuitThe output circuit consists of R4 and LED. R4 = 1K Ω, which can limit the current. According to the voltage value at the output of the voltage comparator to determined whether the LED is on or off.3.5 Alarm PrincipleWhen the battery voltage is higher than 10V, that is, the voltage of sampling circuit exceeds 5V, the input signal voltage is higher than the reference voltage, then LM741 outputs high level, and the output voltage is battery voltage (10 ~ 12V). It can be seen from Figure 4 that the potential of pin 6 is higher than the potential of pin 7. LED do not emit light because of the reverse voltage. This indicates that the battery voltage is normal and the alarm function is not activated. When the battery voltage is lower than 10V and the input signal voltage (<5V) is lower than the reference voltage, the LM741 outputs a low level, that is, the output voltage is zero. At this time, the potential of pin 7 is higher than the potential of pin 6, the LED is turned on due to the forward voltage. And the light indicates that the battery power is too low. The alarm function is activated.3.6 Wiring Diagram of the System Figure 3 shows the wiring structure of low battery alarm system. The automobile battery is connected to the voltage comparison device through the car key switch, and provides power for the automobile circuit load (lighting system, instrument system, etc.) When the battery voltage is normal, the load voltage is normal. And the vehicle can start normally. The instrument system can display and work normally. When the battery voltage is too low, the voltage comparison device will send out a light alarm signal. At the same time, if the power supply voltage can not reach the required voltage level of the system, the corresponding lighting, instrument and other systems will not operate.Figure 3. Wiring Diagram of the SystemIV Test Results of the SystemIt can be seen from table 1 that when the battery voltage is lower than 10V, the alarm indicator is on; when the battery voltage is higher than 10V, the alarm indicator is off. Therefore, the circuit can give an alarm when the battery voltage is lower than 10V, and stop when the battery is recharged to above 10V again. The alarm system does not work when the output voltage of the battery is above 10V. It fully shows that the design scheme of the circuit is correct and feasible.Test Results of the SystemBattery voltage（V）Battery voltage statusAlarm indicator status6.8too lowon8.1lowon9.6lowon10.3 (After charging)normaloff12.8 (After charging)normaloff13.6 (After charging)too hightoffFAQWhat is lm741 op amp?An LM741 operational amplifier is a DC-coupled high gain electronic voltage amplifier. It has only one op-amp inside. An operational amplifier IC is used as a comparator which compares the two signal, the inverting and non-inverting signal.Why Opamp is called 741?The 741 Op Amp IC is a monolithic integrated circuit, comprising of a general purpose Operational Amplifier. It was first manufactured by Fairchild semiconductors in the year 1963. The number 741 indicates that this operational amplifier IC has 7 functional pins, 4 pins capable of taking input and 1 output pin.How does a 741 op amp work?The most common Op-Amp is the 741 and it is used in many circuits. The OP AMP is a 'Linear Amplifier' with an amazing variety of uses. Its main purpose is to amplify (increase) a weak signal - a little like a Darlington Pair. The OP-AMP has two inputs, INVERTING ( - ) and NON-INVERTING (+), and one output at pin 6.How do you calculate lm386 gain?Voltage Gain Analysis:Without any external components, it has a gain of Gv = 2x15K/(150+1350) = 20 (26 dB).With a capacitor (or shortcutting) between pins 1 and 8 , it has a gain of Gv = 2x15K/150 =200 (46dB).Why does the IC 741 require dual power supply?Operational amplifiers have two power supply rails because they usually need to swing bipolar - output voltages that go either positive or negative in response to the normal range of input signals. ... Without the dual supplies the output signal would clip at the ground potential.How do I check my 741 IC?Testing a 741 ICThe circuit is commonly called as voltage follower. A voltage is applied to pin3 of the op-amp through the variable resistor (10K). All we need to do is to verify whether the voltages V1 and V2 are exactly same or not. Check them using a multi-meter.What is IC 741?An op amp is a complex electronic device, which consists of resistors, capacitors, transistors and diodes. It is commercially available in integrated circuit form. Most commonly available and used op amp IC is IC 741. The IC 741 is a small chip. It comprises eight pins.What is gain bandwidth product of 741?Gain-Bandwidth Product: For an Op-Amp the gain, G is defined as the gain when a signal is fed differentially into the op-amp and no feedback loop is present. ... It is generally given in V/μs, and for the 741 op-amp is something close to 1v/μs.What are the features of IC 741?Short circuit and overload protection provided.In theory, the dc output voltage will be zero if both the inputs of the 741 IC are connected to the ground. …Low power consumption.Large common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and differential voltage ranges.No external frequency compensation is required.Which op-amp (LM356 or LM741) is the better choice for higher frequency applications?Um, the LM356 is an audio power amplifier with a 300 KHz bandwidth. The LM741 is an operational amplifier with a typical unity gain bandwidth of 1 MHz.In other words, they are entirely different sorts of things and not at all interchangeable.Neither is very good at higher frequencies.You might be thinking of the LF356, which is a JFET input operational amplifier with a unity gain bandwidth around 5 MHz. Much better part in almost every dimension than the LM741.Can we use an LM324 instead of an LM741 for constructing an op-amp integrator?Yes. It will likely perform slightly better too as it has a slightly better specification (frequency, slew rate, etc), plus you get four identical op amps in a single 14 pin package.

I DescriptionThe performance and structure of the stepper motor driver chip L297 /L298 are analyzed. At the same time, combined with the AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer, a simple method of driving a stepper motor is introduced. This blog gives the control schematic diagram.The actual measurement shows that the stepping motor drive system designed by this method has the characteristics of simple hardware structure, easy software programming, and low price.CatalogI DescriptionII IntroductionIII Working principleVI HardwareV Software CompositionVI ConclusionFAQOrdering & QuantityII IntroductionWhat is a stepping motor?A stepping motor is a precision actuator that converts electrical pulse signals into angular displacement or linear displacement. The stepping motor has the characteristics of convenient control and small size. Therefore, it is widely used in numerical control systems, automatic production lines, automatic instruments, plotters, and computer peripherals.L297 and L298  can easily form a stepping motor driver and combine with AT89C52  single-chip microcomputer for control. That is, it is possible to form a stepper motor drive circuit with good performance at a relatively cheap price.III Working principleSince a stepper motor is an actuator that converts electrical pulse signals into linear or angular displacement, it cannot be directly connected to AC and DC power supplies. Instead, a special device, a stepping motor.  must be used to control the driver. A typical stepping motor control system is shown in Figure 1.The controller can send out pulse signals whose pulse frequency can be continuously changed from a few hertz to tens of kilohertz. It provides a pulse train for the ring distributor.The main function of the ring distributor is to distribute the pulse sequence from the control link according to a certain rule. Then it is amplified by the power amplifier and added to the input terminals of the stepping motor  drive power supply to drive the rotation of the stepping motor,  There are two main categories of ring distributors:One is to use computer software design methods to achieve the functions required by the ring divider, usually called a soft ring divider.The other is a ring distributor composed of hardware. Usually called a hard ring distributor.The power amplifier mainly amplifies the smaller output signal of the ring distributor to achieve the purpose of driving the stepper motor.Figure 1. Typical stepper motor control block diagramVI HardwareThe stepper motor controlled in the blog is a four-phase unipolar 35BY48HJ120 deceleration stepper motor. The block diagram of the stepper motor control driver designed in this blog is shown in Figure 2. It consists of AT89C52  single-chip microcomputer, optocoupler, integrated chips L297  and L298.Figure 2. Block diagram of stepper motor control driverThe stepper motor introduced in the blog is a four-phase unipolar 35BY48HJ120 deceleration stepper motor. The block diagram of the stepper motor control driver designed in this article is shown in Figure 2. It is composed of AT89C52  single-chip microcomputer, photoelectric coupler, integrated chips L297 and L298.AT89C52 is a low-voltage, high-performance 8-bit CMOS microcontroller from  ATMEL  in the United States. The chip has a built-in 8K bytes of re-erasable Flash memory, 256 bytes of RAM, three 16-bit timers, and a programmable serial UART channel. Therefore, it is sufficient to complete the simple control of the stepper motor.L297 is a stepping motor controller (including ring distributor). L298  is a double H bridge driver. The interface of the microprocessor to the double-bridge stepping motor composed of them is shown in Figure 3.The advantage of this combination is that it requires few components. As a result, the assembly cost is low, the reliability is high, and the space is small. And through software development, the burden of microcomputers can be simplified and reduced. In addition, L297  and L298  are independent chips, so the application is very flexible.The L297  chip is a hardware loop integrated chip that can generate four-phase drive signals for computer-controlled two-phase bipolar or four-phase unipolar stepper motors.The heart of the L297  is a set of decoders that can generate various required phase sequences. This part is controlled by two input modes, direction control (CW/CCW) and HALF/FULL, and stepping clock CLOCK. It advances the decoder from one step to another.The decoder has four output points connected to the output logic section to provide the phase sequence required by the suppression and chopping functions. Therefore, L297  can generate three-phase sequence signals, corresponding to three different working modes: the half-step mode (HALFSTEP). Basic step (FULL STEP, full step) one-phase excitation method. Basic step two-phase excitation method.Inside the pulse, the distributor is a 3bit reversible counter, plus some combinational logic to generate 8 steps of Gray code timing signal per cycle. This is the timing signal of the half-step working mode. At this time, the HALF/FULL signal is high. If HALF/FULL is set to a low level, the basic step working mode is obtained, that is, the double four-beat full-step working mode.Figure 3. L297 PictureAnother important component of  L297  is the two  PWM  choppers to control the phase winding currents to achieve constant current chopping control to obtain good torque-frequency characteristics.Each chopper consists of a comparator, an RS flip-flop, and an external sampling resistor. A common oscillator is also provided to provide trigger pulse signals to the two choppers. In Figure 5, the frequency f is determined by the external 16-pin RC network. When R>10kΩ, f=1/0.69RC.When the clock oscillator pulse sets the trigger to 1, the motor winding phase current rises. When the voltage on Rs of the sampling resistor rises to the reference voltage Uref, the comparator flips to reset the flip-flop, the power transistor is turned off, and the current drops, waiting for the arrival of the next oscillation pulse. In this way, the output of the trigger is a constant frequency  PWM signal, which modulates the output signal of L297.  and the peak value of the winding phase current is determined by Uref.The input of the CONTROL terminal of  L297 determines that the chopper acts on the phase lines A, B, C, D or the suppression lines INH1 and INH2.When CONTROL is high, it has a control effect on A, B, C, D;When it is low level, it controls INH1 and INH2, so that the steering and torque of the motor can be controlled.The L298  chip is a high-voltage, high-current dual full-bridge driver. L298  is designed to accept standard TTL logic level signals and drive inductive loads. For example, relays, cylindrical coils, DC motors, and stepping motors. It has two suppress inputs to make the device immune to the input signal. The emitters of the triodes of each bridge are connected together, and the corresponding external terminals can be used to connect peripheral sensing resistors. Another input power supply can be installed to enable the logic to work under low voltage.The L298  chip is an integrated chip in a multi-watt in-line package with 15 leads.　　Figure 4. L298 PictureIn Figure 5, AT89C52  is connected to the microcomputer through the serial port after  MAX232  level conversion and accepts instructions from the host computer. Then send clock signal, positive and negative signal, reset signal and enable control signal to L297,  In the circuit, resistors R13 and R15 are used to adjust the reference voltage of the chopper circuit. This voltage will be compared with the magnitude of the potential fed back through pins 13, 14 to determine whether to perform chopping control. In order to achieve the purpose of controlling the peak value of the motor winding current and protecting the stepper motor.Because L297 has a chopping constant current circuit inside, the peak value of the winding phase current is determined by Uref. When two pieces of L297 are used to drive the two windings of the stepping motor through L298.  and the Uref of each phase winding is changed through two D/A converters, the stepping motor subdivision driving circuit is formed.In addition, in order to effectively suppress electromagnetic interference and improve the reliability of the system, an isolation circuit composed of two 16-pin photoelectric coupling devices TLP521-4 is used in the single-chip and stepping motor drive circuit. As shown in Figure 5.Figure 5. Schematic diagram of stepper motor control driverIts function is to cut off the direct electrical connection between the microcontroller and the stepping motor drive circuit. In this way, the separate connection of the single-chip microcomputer and the driving circuit system ground is realized, and the interference signal generated by the driving circuit working under the high-current inductive load and the interference signal generated by the sudden change of the grid load is serially connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the line, which affects the normal operation of the single-chip microcomputer.V Software CompositionIn this circuit, set P1.0 port as the motor start button. P1.1, P1.2, P1.3 are speed selection buttons, the speed is from low to high. P1.4 is the motor stop button. The maximum speed of the three speeds is 500pps, 1000pps, and 2000pps. RXD, TXD have been connected to the serial port by MAX232 level conversion.In addition, the start and stop frequency of a stepper motor is low, generally between 100-250 Hz. The maximum operating frequency is required to be higher, usually 1-3kHz. In order to ensure that it will not lose step during the whole process of starting, running and stopping, but also can reach the target position accurately as soon as possible, the running speed must have an acceleration-constant speed-deceleration process. Here, the commonly used discrete method is used to approximate the ideal trapezoidal acceleration and decrease curve, as shown in Figure 5.That is, the timer interrupt mode is used to continuously change the size of the timer load value. In this example, for the convenience of calculation, the loading value required for the speed of each discrete point is converted into the required timing time by the formula and solidified in the ROM of the system. Here, TH0=(65536-time)/256,TL0= (65536-time)%256 is used to calculate the loading value, and time represents the timing time required for each step.The system uses the look-up table method to find out the time required during operation, thereby greatly reducing the time occupied by the CPU and improving the corresponding speed of the system. Therefore, the program is mainly composed of control main program, acceleration and deceleration subroutine, and the main program block diagram is shown in Figure 6.　　Figure 6. Main block diagramVI ConclusionThe innovation of this blog is to propose the application of single-chip microcomputer and L297, L298 integrated circuits to form a stepper motor control driver. It has the advantages of fewer components, high reliability, less space, and low assembly cost.FAQWhat is L297 and L298?L297 is a stepper motor controller that is used to generate two-phase bipolar. Drive signal (A, B, C, D) and motor current settings. L298 is used to drive the power output of the stepper motor. It is driven by a double full bridge mode. What are the characteristics of a stepping motor?Convenient control and small size What does a stepping motor convert electrical pulse signals into?Angular displacement or linear displacement What is a stepper motor controller?Stepper motors enable accurate positioning with ease. They are used in various types of equipment for accurate rotation angle and speed control using pulse signals.

Product OverviewThe IRPS5401 is a complete power management unit delivering up to 5 output voltages to processors, FPGA’s and other multi-rail power systems. Four high efficiency configurable switching regulators and a source/sink linear regulator provide the typical rails required such as core voltage, memory voltage and I/O voltages. This blog will introduce IRPS5401 systematically from its features, pinout to its specifications, applications, also including IRPS5401 datasheet and so much more. CatalogProduct OverviewIRPS5401 FeaturesIRPS5401 PinoutIRPS5401 ApplicationsIRPS5401 Application CircuitIRPS5401 Block DiagramIRPS5401 SpecificationHow does IRPS5401 workIRPS5401 Programming Guide and DatasheetIRPS5401 ManufacturerUsing WarningsIRPS5401 FAQ IRPS5401 FeaturesFull power system including 5 integrated outputs4A, 4A, 2A and 2A Switching Regulators500mA Source/Sink Linear regulatorSingle rail operation 5.5V to 12VOutput Range from 0.25V to 5.1V for outputs A-D and 0.5V to 3.6V for LDOAllows combining outputs and/or the use of an external IR MOSFET™ Power Stage to increaseoutput         current to as high as 50AEmulated current mode control without external compensationDifferential voltage sensing on Switcher A for higher accuracyI2C / PMBus with integrated level shifterAdvanced Sequencing controlExtensive PMBus command set of 74 commandsIntegrated current sensing and full telemetry including voltage, current, temperature and faultsRated for -40°C to +125°C TJ operationPb-Free, RoHS6, 7x7mm, 56-pin, 0.4mm pitch QFN IRPS5401 PinoutThe following figure is the diagram of IRPS5401 pinout. IRPS5401 Pinout IRPS5401 ApplicationsHigh density ASIC, FPGA & CPU multi-rail systemsEmbedded Computing systemsCommunications and Storage systems IRPS5401 Application Circuit The following is the application circuit diagram of IRPS5401. IRPS5401 Application Circuit Diagram IRPS5401 Block DiagramThe following figure shows the block diagram of IRPS5401 IRPS5401 Block Diagram IRPS5401 SpecificationParametricsIRPS5401MFamilyPMICFeatures (Sync)xIout   max50.0 AInput Voltage   max14.0 VLanguageSPICEOutput Voltage   min  max0.25 V   5.1 VProduct CategoryDC-DC Power ConversionQualificationIndustrialSwitching Frequency   max2000.0 kHzTechnologyCurrent ModeTypeMultiple Output - 5 OutputsHow does IRPS5401 workThe IRPS5401 can operate with an internal bias supply (LDO), typically 5.0V. This allows operation with a single supply by connecting the input of the LDO (VSUPPLY) to the bus voltage (Vin_x). A 1uF capacitor should be used at the VSUPPLY pin for decoupling purposes. The output of this LDO is brought out at the Vcc pin and must be bypassed to the analog ground (pin 50) with a 1.0uF decoupling capacitor. An additional voltage, VDRV, required by the internal driver circuitry is derived by using a 2 ohm-1uF filter from the Vcc pin to the VDRV pin. Note that the 1uF at the VDRV pin must be bypassed to the system power ground (pin 57). The Vcc pin may also be connected to the VSUPPLY pin, and an external Vcc supply between 4.5V and 5.5V may be used, allowing for an extended operating bus voltage (Vin_x) range from 1.2V to 14V. The device utilizes the on-resistance of the low side MOSFET (synchronous MOSFET) as the current sense element. This method enhances the converter’s efficiency and reduces cost by eliminating the need for external current sense resistors. IRPS5401 Programming Guide and DatasheetYou can download this datasheet for IRPS5401 Programming Guide & Datasheet from the link given below: IRPS5401 Programming GuideIRPS5401 Datasheet IRPS5401 ManufacturerInfineon Technologies makes semiconductors, microcontrollers, sensors, switches, and other devices that manage power, energy, security, and other functions in cars, phone, appliances, and machinery. The company's products are No. 1 or 2 in their markets for automotive, industrial power control, power management, and digital security applications. Automotive is Infineon's biggest market, accounting for about 45% of sales. Customers include Bosch, Bombardier, Gemalto, and Osram. Using WarningsNote: Please check their parameters and pin configuration before replacing them in your circuit. IRPS5401 FAQWhat is PMIC used for?A power management integrated circuit (PMIC) is used to manage power on an electronic devices or in modules on devices that may have a range of voltages. The PMIC manages battery power charging and sleep modes, DC-to-DC conversion, scaling of voltages down or up, among others. What does PMIC stand for in IC category?A PMIC can refer to any chip that is an individual power related function, but generally refer to ICs that incorporate more than one function such as different power conversions and power controls such as voltage supervision and undervoltage protection. What is the purpose of the irps5401 switcher?Integrated, accurate current, voltage and temperature sensing allows telemetry and fault reporting through the I2C/PMBus. The IRPS5401 switching regulators utilize fixed frequency emulated current mode control, and thus no external compensation is required. The IRPS5401 is highly flexible. Switchers A and B deliver 2A each. What kind of rails can the irps5401 be used for?The IRPS5401 is designed for single rail operation ranging from 5V to 12V. It has one 500mA LDO output, and four configurable switching regulator outputs, two at 2A, and two at 4A. The outputs of the IRPS5401 can be used to provide the typical rails required for core, memory, and I/O voltages. What kind of amplifier does a PMIC use?Some models feature a low-dropout regulator (LDO), and a real-time clock (RTC) co-operating with a backup battery. A PMIC can use pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) and pulse-width modulation (PWM). It can use switching amplifier (Class-D electronic amplifier). How many high efficiency configurable switching regulators does the IRPS5401 provide?Four What is the range of the extended operating bus voltage of the IRPS5401?1.2V to 14V What can the IRPS5401 operate with?Single supply

In today's blog, I'll unlock the details of CR1220, the lithium coin battery. CR1220 is a battery cell, also known as a lithium coin battery that comes with a high voltage of around 3V and encompasses an ultra-compact design, helping you get rid of the difficulty of buying two or three extra traditional batteries, saving both the cost and the space needed to adjust these cells in the relevant devices.Game Boy Color - Cartridge Battery Mod - Game Save Battery Holder Hack - CR1220CatalogCR1220 General DescriptionCR1220 SpecificationsCR1220 EquivalentCR1220 FeaturesCR1220 ApplicationsCR1220 DimensionsComponent DatasheetFAQCR1220 General DescriptionCR1220 is a lithium coin battery that is mainly used in high-powered devices such as keyless input devices, glucose monitors, heart rate monitors, and toys & games. It comes in cylindrical shape and may retain power for a maximum period of time. If it is spared alone for one year, only 1% of the total battery capacity will be discharged. This battery is slightly different from CR2032 in terms of battery capacity, weight and lithium content, since it comes with a capacity of 35mAh with a weight of 0.8g and a lithium content of 0.006 grams, followed by a capacity of 285mAh, a weight of 3 grams and a lithium content of 0.109 grams. It is important to note that there is no need for coatings or other foreign objects on the surface of terminals that could have a serious impact on the actual use or performance of this coin cell. They can be designed using two methods: an extra mechanical tool, such as a screwdriver, is required to unlock the battery compartment, or two independent movements of the securing mechanism can be applied by a single hand. These battery compartments come with the ability to hold different cells where the capacity varies depending on the size.CR1220 SpecificationsClassificationLithium CoinChemical SystemLithium / Manganese Dioxide (Li/MnO2)DesignationANSI-5012LC, IEC-CR1220Nominal Voltage3.0 VoltsTypical Capacity37 mAh (to 2.0 volts)(Rated at 45K ohms at 21°C)Typical Weight0.8 grams (0.03 oz.)Typical Volume0.25 cubic centimeters (0.02 cubic inch)Max Rev Charge1 microampereEnergy Density153 milliwatt hr/g, 464 milliwatt hr/ccTypical Li Content0.006 grams (0.0002 oz.)Operating Temp-30C to 70CSelf Discharge~1% / yearCR1220 EquivalentDL1220, ECR1220, BR1220, 280-208, DL1220B, BR1220-1W, CR1220-1W, KCR1220, LM1220, 5012LC, SB-T13, L04CR1220 FeaturesLightweight, High Voltage and High Energy DensityExcellent Discharge CharacteristicsExcellent Leakage ResistanceExcellent Long-Term ReliabilityUL Approved PartsCR1220 ApplicationsCR1220 comes with a wide range of applications requiring on-the-fly temporary power. Here are some major applications of this coin cell.Keyless entry devicesGlucose monitorsImplantable cardiac defibrillatorsHeart-rate monitorsArtificial cardiac pacemakersToys & gamesCR1220 DimensionsComponent DatasheetCR1220 Datasheet FAQWhat is the difference of cr1220 and cr1225? do they work the same or no?Dimensions are different and they cannot work the same.CR1220 12mm(Diameter)*2.0mm(Thickness), CR1225 12(Diameter)*2.5mm(Thickness)What are cr1220 batteries used for?The Energizer CR1220 battery is a long lasting, high performing CR1220 lithium button cell battery. CR1220 batteries are used in a variety of applications, including watches, organizers, calculators, computer and medical equipment.How long do cr1220 batteries last?10 years.Coin Lithium - CR1220. CR1220 batteries are used in a wide range of products like toys, fitness and medical appliances. These button cell lithium batteries have a shelflife of up to 10 years.Can I use CR2032 instead of CR1220?The number is the size of the battery: 2032 is 20mm diameter, 3.2mm thick. 1220 is 12mm diameter, 2mm thick. So one will not physically fit in place of the other.What is CR1220 used for?The Energizer CR1220 battery is a long lasting, high performing CR1220 lithium button cell battery. CR1220 batteries are used in a variety of applications, including watches, organizers, calculators, computer and medical equipment.What shape does CR1220 come in?CylindricalHow much of the battery capacity will be discharged if CR1220 is spared for one year?1% 

Product OverviewAM412 is a new digital intelligent PIR sensor. This Smart digital detector offers a complete motion detector solution, with all electronic circuitry built into the detector housing. Only a power supply and power-switching components need to be added to make the entire motion switch, a timer is included.This blog will introduce AM412 systematically from its features, applications to its specifications, PIR sensor circuit, also including AM412 datasheet and so much more. CatalogProduct OverviewAM412 FeaturesAM412 ApplicationsWhat are Octopus Electronic BricksAM412 DimensionAM412 Typical ApplicationSpectral Response of Window MaterialsAM412 Technical DataPIR Sensor CircuitPIR Sensor WorkingAM412 ManufacturerAM412 DatasheetAM412 DatasheetUsing WarningsAM412 FAQ AM412 FeaturesDigital signal processing（DSP）Power adjustable, save more energyTwo-way differential high impedance sensor inputBuilt-in filter, screen the interference by other frequencyExcellent power supply rejection, Insensitive to RF interference  Schmidt REL outputLow voltage, low power consumption, instantaneous settling after power up AM412 ApplicationsToysDigital photo frameTV, Refrigerator, Air-conditionerUSB AlarmsPIR motion detectionIntruder detectionOccupancy detectionMotion sensor lightsComputer monitorSecurity systemAutomatic controlCorridorStairs Lights etc. What are Octopus Electronic BricksPi Supply Octopus Electronic Bricks can be used to build electronics projects just as easy as piling bricks. You can also connect  Arduino compatible boards easily with various digital, analog, and  I2C /Uart interfaces. The breadboardless connections let you connect expansion modules like potentiometers, sensors, relays, servos, buttons in a plug and play way. AM412 DimensionThe following figure is the diagram of the AM412 dimension. AM412 Dimension AM412 Typical ApplicationThe following figure is the diagram of AM412's typical application. AM412 Typical Application Spectral Response of Window MaterialsThe following figure is the diagram of Spectral Response of Window Materials. Spectral Response of Window Materials AM412 Technical DataCharacteristicsSymbolMin. ValueMax. ValueMax. ValueSupply VoltageVDD2.73.3VWorking TemperatureTST-2085°CCurrent into any pinInto-100100mAStorage TemperatureTST-40125°C PIR Sensor CircuitThe PIR sensor circuit consists of three pins, power supply pin, output signal pin, and ground pin. The PIR sensor circuit is having ceramic substrate and filter window as shown in the figure and also has dome like structure called as Fresnel lens. PIR Sensor Circuit PIR Sensor WorkingWhenever, human being (even a warm body or object with some temperature) passes through the field of view of the PIR sensor.  then it detects the infrared radiation emitted by a hot body motion. Thus, the infrared radiation detected by the sensor generates an electrical signal that can be used to activate an alert system or buzzer, or alarm sound. PIR Sensor Detection Area The PIR sensor internally is split into two halves, one half is positive and the other is considered as negative. Thus, one half generates one signal by detecting the motion of a hot body and the other half generates another signal. The difference between these two signals is generated as the output signal. Primarily, this sensor consists of Fresnel lens which are bifurcated to detect the infrared radiation produced by the motion of a hot body over a wide range or specific area. PIR Sensor Working If once the sensor gets warmed up, then the output remains low until it detects motion. If once it detects the motion, then the output goes high for a couple of seconds and then returns to a normal state or low. This sensor requires settling time, which is characteristically in the range of 10 to 60 seconds. AM412 ManufacturerSince its inception in 1959, RLC has been the leading designer and manufacturer of high-quality, state-of-the-art coaxial switches, band-pass filters, precision attenuators, and other transmission line components for the microwave industry. RLC  Electronics offers a custom design capability that integrates discrete components into a specific common platform for multi-function ability, tailored to meet your specifications. AM412 DatasheetYou can download this datasheet for AM412–Datasheet from the link given below:AM412 Datasheet Using WarningsNote: Please check their parameters and pin configuration before replacing them in your circuit. AM412 FAQCan a PIR sensor be connected to an Arduino?There's no difference wiring a PIR sensor to an Arduino vs. CircuitPython board. You must connect the power, ground, and sensor output to your board. The sensor output should be connected to any digital I/O line on your board. In this example we'll use pin D2 on a Trinket M0. What kind of regulator does a Pir module use?All of the signal processing is done within the sensor chip and it has a very low power logic output. It is designed to run at 3 volts and the module provides this using a HT7530-1 low dropout smd regulator. There is a decoupling capacitor on the regulator input and two on the 3 volt output to the PIR chip. What does Pir stand for in motion sensor?PIR stands for P yroelectric I nfra r ed (many times, they are also referred as P assive I nfra r ed sensors). This is because their principle of operation is based on the detection of infrared energy emitted by a moving body. What does AM412 offer?Complete motion detector solution Are PIR sensors universal?The motion detector module is suitable for many applications where motion or presence is registered and so switching operations are caused. The sensor reacts to the heat radiation of moving objects.