Isolation transformers are used to separate different sections of a circuit, providing safety by isolating the input from the output, reducing the risk of electric shock and protecting sensitive components from voltage spikes.
Step-up transformers increase the voltage from the primary coil to the secondary coil, allowing semiconductor devices to operate at higher voltages, which can be essential for applications requiring increased power levels.
Step-down transformers reduce voltage levels from primary to secondary, providing electrical isolation, while autotransformers use a single winding to step down voltage without isolation, making them more compact and efficient for certain applications.